A list of traditional Mongolian festivals

The Mongolian is one of the ethnic minorities in China. It is a traditional nomadic nation mainly distributed in East Asia and the main ethnic group in Mongolia. The Mongolian people are relatively developed in science and culture, and music and dance also occupy a relatively prominent position in art. So what are the well-known festivals and little-known traditional festivals of the Mongolian people?

Luban Festival is a traditional festival of Mongolian people living in Tonghai County in the south of Yunnan Province. It is held on the second day of the fourth month of the lunar calendar every year and lasts for three days.

Back in 1253 AD, the ancestors of the Mongolian people came to the southwestern border of the motherland from the ancient Mongolian steppe with the army during the Yuan Dynasty. Because they have lived with other ethnic minorities for a long time, as the environment changes, they have changed from herdsmen to fishermen and then farmers. According to social needs, we also learned architectural techniques from our brother nations, improved ourselves, and built many buildings, which are superior to other colleagues. The houses they built are unique. They are not only beautiful and unique in shape, but also durable. They have become famous civil builders in southern Yunnan and are deeply praised by people. The local Mongolian people are also proud of it. In order to commemorate and celebrate their achievements in civil engineering, the legendary day when Lu Ban presented the "Wood Sutra" to his apprentice, that is, the second day of the fourth lunar month, was designated as Lu Ban Festival.

According to legend, these skills of the Mongolian people were first learned by a clever young man Qi Qin. Qi Qin first studied Lu Ban and learned beautiful carpentry. Later, he bid farewell to Lu Ban, traveled around various places, and learned other skills such as masonry and bamboo craftsmanship. Because of his superb skills and noble character, people call him "Banner Ban". However, Qi Qin never forgot Lu Ban's enlightenment to him. Every year, on the second day of the fourth lunar month, on the day Lu Ban awarded him the "Wood Sutra", he would gather all apprentices to explain the "Wood Sutra" to them, so that the apprentices who were about to graduate would perform sawing, pushing, drilling, planing and other skills. After the death of Qi Qin, the festival on the second day of April was passed down forever. People called it the "Luban Festival".

At the current Luban Festival, Mongolian villagers have to kill pigs and sheep and set up a stage to sing opera. No matter how far the journey is, Mongolian builders who go out have to come back to celebrate the festival at home. People invited out the sandalwood muluban statues in the main hall and marched to Mongolian villages for a week. It was very lively and grand to beat gongs and drums, and set off firecrackers to publicize Lu Ban's achievements. At the same time, there are dragon dances, dancing, colorful boat rowing, etc., and then they gather in the square to sing and dance, which is very happy. The festival lasts for three days. At this time, if any craftsman does not return to the county town to celebrate the holidays, people in all villages will look down on him and think that he is a person who disrespects teachers, does not love talents, and does not abide by etiquette and righteousness. After the festival, it is the busy farming season in southern Yunnan, and harvesting of wheat and rapeseed begins. Until the end of turning the fields, harking the ponds, and transplanting rice, the craftsmen will go out to work again.

Mongolian Sun Hunting Festival is a traditional Mongolian festival held by people in the Hulunbuir League area in eastern Inner Mongolia on the fifth day of the fifth month of the lunar calendar every year.

On the day of the festival, whether it is sunny or cloudy, Mongolian hunters in all villages must follow the traditional custom of riding a horse, carrying a gun, carrying a knife, and carrying a hound and a "Bulu"(a crutch used to hunt wild animals. This is a wooden hunting tool weighing about one pound. There is a high probability of catching prey when thrown out) to go up the mountain to hunt. To conduct hunting on the hunting day, a well-respected and good hunter must be elected as the commander-in-chief "Abinda" to fight the siege. At the beginning of the hunting, hunters entered the paddock in groups from different places and gradually narrowed the encirclement from different directions. Picnic on site at noon. Hunting reached its peak in the afternoon. At this time, the prey gradually gathered, and the hunters gradually gathered together to compete in hunting skills. A large number of animals became their trophies. When they returned happily shouting triumphantly, the villagers gathered at the entrance of the village and lined up to welcome the hunters back with a full load.

There are various legends about the origin of the festival. It is said that the ancient Mongolian tribes were attacked by foreign tribes. As people went to fight a large siege, the enemy invaded and lost sight, and a retaliatory vendetta was spared. From then on, the Mongolian tribes have always gone to the encirclement on this day every year. First, they have to be vigilant and guard against invading enemies at all times; secondly, they have to strengthen military exercises and improve military skills. Another legend says that Genghis Khan died of illness on the fifth day of May due to his horse being scared and fell off the horse. Later generations hunted and killed wild animals on the fifth day of the fifth month to prevent them from scaring the horses. It was also to remember and thank the Holy King for his kindness.

The Mongolian Mausoleum Sacrifice is a traditional Mongolian festival sacrifice. It is held every year on the 20th of March, 15th of May, 12th of September and 3rd of October of the lunar calendar.

"The Secret History of Mongolia" records: "In the spring of that year, when Emperor Anbahai's two wives, Wo Erbo and Shahetai, sacrificed to their ancestors, Ho Erlun went behind and never drank tea for the sacrifice." This was an ancestral sacrifice for early Mongolian clans and tribes. "History of the Yuan Dynasty" records: "The ceremony of sacrifice by their ancestors was to cut off animals and deliver speeches with Mongolian witches, which was a national custom." This is an ancestral sacrifice for the Mongolian family. In the third year of the Yuan Dynasty, the ancestral temple was completed, and eight white rooms were established. In October every year, sacrifices were made to the ancestors in the ancestral temple. During the Ming Dynasty, the Mongolians also offered sacrifices to Genghis Khan and his "Eight White Rooms". After the middle of the Ming Dynasty, in Iginrelo, Ordos, the Darhat Tribe was responsible for offering sacrifices to Genghis Khan, known as the sacrifice to Chengling. In accordance with traditional customs, sacrifices and ceremonies are held in seasons all year round. The herdsmen gather in front of the mausoleum and pay homage to this "genius of the generation" who is famous at home and abroad.

At that time, the Mongolian people gathered in Chengling and held a memorial ceremony under the guidance of the Darsit people known as the Guards of Genghis Khan.

The mourners first went to the golden pillar a hundred paces away due south outside the temple and circled the pillar three times until they reached the 99 people. Then he sprinkled horse milk at the 81st bow away from the golden pillar, and then circled around the big horses and foals tied next to the pillar. When walking around the column, you also use a small wooden spoon to scoop up milk and raise it. Around the end, by the tomb keeper put milk in a silver bowl buckle on the horse back, if the horse startled jump, so that the bowl fell to the ground, then to re-buckle. After the ceremony, wine is served.

The wine giver knelt outside the temple. The tomb keeper poured wine from the wine giver's pot into two wine glasses, and then the wine giver used a rectangular plate to carry it into the tomb hall. After the wine presentation, the hada, candles, incense and whole sheep were presented. Then, throw a small piece of sheep tail oil into the brazier in front of the incense table, then burn the pieces of Hada, use a large silver cup to take turns kneeling and drinking soju, and then eat a small piece of mutton. All mourners can voluntarily donate money, and the amount varies. The tomb keeper returned to the memorial service a white bag containing a little snuff, a piece of pimp, and a piece of broken hada. It was regarded as a sacred object to dispel evil and prevent disasters. After the memorial ceremony, horse racing, archery, wrestling competitions and singing and dancing activities will be held.

The commemoration of the Mausoleum of Genghis Khan is ancient and sacred in the hearts of the Mongolian people, and has a long history. It is this festival that people use to pay homage to express their praise and respect for Genghis Khan, a Mongolian hero who has made outstanding achievements in history and is brave and good at fighting.

In the past, various memorial ceremonies were held to the Genghis Khan Mausoleum more than 30 times a year. Now it is changed to a few days of commemoration. This mausoleum is located in Ijin Horo in the middle of the Ordos grassland in Inner Mongolia. It is large in scale, exquisite in architecture, and unique in shape. There is a five-meter-high statue of Genghis Khan in the main hall of the mausoleum palace for people to sacrifice and worship.

Mongolian horse seal is a traditional Mongolian festival. It is usually held around Qingming Festival or Dragon Boat Festival. On the festival day, every time the riders tie a fierce horse, a seal holder will make a mark on the center of the horse's left hip. At that time, the Mongolians will light a bonfire in the designated grassland and pick a herdsman who is highly respectable, has superb riding skills, is skilled in branding, and is familiar with horse nature to hold the seal. The Mongolian riders participating in the horse set were arranged word by word, and then someone presented hada to them to express their blessings.

At this time, the seals were roasting red in the fire, and they shouted to start printing. All the riders crossed the bars and immediately surrounded the horses. At this moment, people shouted horses and roared with thunderous hooves. The scene was extremely spectacular. The people who watch horse sets come not only from the grasslands, but also from people from all directions, making the viewers feast their eyes. Mongolian girls also took the opportunity to choose lovers, and this was also the critical moment for the Mongolian young man to show his horse setting skills.

It is said that the Mongolian people started making horse seals in the 12th century. Legend has it that in order to adapt to the needs of war, Genghis Khan stamped horses to represent various departments. This method was simple and easy to identify, and gradually became a grand event on the grassland. Nowadays, after the implementation of semi-farming and semi-grazing, the method of making horse seals has changed, that is, from the original intense and intense horse racing on the grassland to the horse racing on foot on the livestock farm.

Mongolian Horse Milk Festival Mongolian festival activities are carried out with the seasons. When spring comes, everything recovers, the fields are covered with green, and the five livestock breed. At this moment, sacrificial activities are held on the grassland to pray for the prosperity of the five livestock; when the milk season begins and ends, the Horse's Milk Festival and the Milk Prohibition Festival are held on the grassland; A celebration banquet to celebrate the results of collective labor is also held when the livestock are pricked, wool is sheared, mane is made, and felt is made. These are the traditional festivals of nomadic peoples and important festivals of Mongolian grassland people.

The Horse Milk Festival is a traditional festival celebrated by Mongolian herdsmen in some areas of Xilin Gol League in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. It is held at the end of August every year and lasts for one day. This is a grand festival celebrated by the Mongolian people to wish health, happiness and good luck.

During the festival, people mainly eat dairy products, such as dried milk, cheese, milk tofu, horse milk, etc., and kill sheep and cattle, fry fruits, and cook hand-caught meat. On the day before the festival, milk barrels were packed, fermented and made into cheese. Early in the morning, Mongolian herdsmen rushed to the venue on horseback, by Lele, or by car. When the sun rises, horse racing, the main event of the festival, begins. All ponies over two years old participated in the competition. They symbolize the prosperity and development of the grassland and also arouse people's gratitude and respect for the nursing of horse milk. On the racecourse, people and horses were cheering and the atmosphere was warm. Young men with superb riding skills, with colorful silk on their heads and colorful ribbons on their waists, rushed their horses forward with the starting shot, and people cheered for them. The winner will receive material rewards. Afterwards, there were wrestling, tug-of-war, throwing, and singing and dancing and other cultural and sports activities.

At the celebration venue where the Horse's Milk Festival was held, sitting on the front were elders, heroes and models of grassland construction and flags, township cadres and distinguished guests invited. On the left and right sides were male and female herders, children, etc., and passers-by were also welcome to participate. At the meeting, the village chief toasted everyone and presented gifts to the respected Mongolian doctor. Some recited poems written for the Horse's Milk Festival, and some played horse-headed fiddle tied with colorful silk, singing and dancing. The festival lasted from morning to night for the whole day.

Mongolian Lantern Festival The Lantern Festival is called "Zule" by the Mongolians, also known as Zulu Festival. The festival is held on the 25th day of the tenth month of the lunar calendar. It is a small-scale religious festival. It is said to commemorate Tsongkhapa, the founder of the Yellow Religion. At dusk on this day, every household erected wooden frames on a high slope and set up homemade lamps. The wick of this lamp is made of Achnatherum splendens. The number of English grass is determined according to the age of each person, and the head of the Achnatherum is wrapped with cotton or wool coated with butter or sheep oil. After people lit the lamp, they made three rounds from left to right. If there was a Lama, the Lama would lead it), then sprinkled wine to worship the sky, kowtowed to the Buddha, and prayed for the Buddha to bless long life and peace. Inside each yurt is a small oil lamp made of dough, which stays on all night, symbolizing that the world will always be bright and people will live a long life.

The Mongolian Lantern Festival is on the 25th day of the tenth month of the lunar calendar every year. When night falls, families light butter lamps to celebrate. Nowadays, most Mongolian people in Hebuksail Mongolian Autonomous County and Emin County no longer attend the Diandeng Festival; the Mongolian people in Wusu City do not light lanterns during the Diandeng Festival for more than a day, and instead use various forms of entertainment. Entertainment Activities Traditional Mongolian recreational activities include horse racing, camel racing, wrestling, archery and shooting, tug-of-war, folk singers playing and singing, horse-head qin playing "Jangar" singing, and folk dancing. The Tuerhut Mongolian dances include group dances, solo dances, male and female dances, as well as dancing to the song. The dancing posture is elegant and bold, showing the unique characteristics of the grassland people.

Mongolian people celebrate the New Year on the 23rd day of the twelfth lunar month. It is a fire festival where the Mongolian people worship the Fire God. It is also known as the "New Year" and is also one of the traditional Mongolian festivals. There are also some areas that do not sacrifice fires on the 23rd. It is rumored that this was because during the Genghis Khan era, some tribes were attacked by the enemy on the 23rd and delayed the sacrifice fire. From then on, the Mongolians changed the Fire Sacrifice Day to the 24th.

The custom of offering sacrifices to fire is very common among various Mongolian tribes, and the sacrificial methods are basically the same. Whenever the Fire Festival comes, every Mongolian household starts to nervously clean up the courtyards, clean houses and other places from the morning, sweep away all the dust that has "accumulated" over the past year, and clean the inside and outside the house clean and orderly, making it look completely new. At the same time, all stove utensils must be cleaned and tested, especially the ashes of the stove fire must be cleaned up. Then, prepare the dry firewood needed for the fire sacrifice in advance.

The Mongolians have great reverence for the Fire God and believe that the Fire God can grant people happiness and wealth. They call three days old fire, 30 days moon fire, and 360 days annual fire. The New Year is the hot day when God Fire God is sent off, so it is particularly lively. The Mongolian people believe that fire is a symbol of family prosperity, as well as holiness and cleanliness. It not only brings light and warmth to the family, but also warms the world with its eternal enthusiasm. Therefore, for the Mongolian people, the stove is as sacred as the Buddha statue. On this day, incense will be burned in front of the statue of "Kitchen God" and beef, mutton, butter, milk skin, candy and other foods will be served. It is called "Sacrifice to the Kitchen", and the whole family will be reunited happily. At night, light the grass or animal dung prepared in advance, take some from various offerings and throw it into the fire. The Mongolian family, old and young, prayed to the Fire God in front of the flames, named the Kitchen God.

Mongolian Spring Festival The Mongolian New Year is mainly the Spring Festival, and the Mongolian people call it the "New Year". In ancient times, the Mongolian people called the Spring Festival the "White Festival", which was the most important traditional Mongolian festival. Nowadays, Mongolian people call the first month of the lunar calendar the "White Moon". The Mongolians worship blue and white, regard blue as their own nation, and regard white as a symbol of purity, luck and holiness. "White Festival" and "White Moon" are said to be related to the daily consumption of white milk food, and contain the meaning of congratulating the New Year and good luck. The "white moon" is the time when people interact and gather together.

The Mongolian people celebrate the Spring Festival, divided into "sending the old" and "welcoming the new". Sending old goods is on the 23rd of the twelfth lunar month, and cleaning is carried out. After the 23rd of the twelfth lunar month, the Mongolians are preparing to welcome the Spring Festival. Before the festival, people would make a beautiful Mongolian robe, prepare the mutton and various dairy products grown in that year, add a few jars of good wine, and then start to "mix horses." On New Year's Eve, every Mongolian household smokes sheep's head and cooks sheep's feet. The whole family sits on the ground in the center of the yurts. At midnight, they start drinking and eating. People greeted the elderly and elders with "farewell wine" and sat around the fire pond to eat dumplings.

Then engage in recreational activities, such as listening to entertainers telling stories, etc., and stay up all night. Some Mongolians lit bonfires in the courtyard, and everyone threw sheep bones, sheep hooves, house tower dust, wine, mutton, etc. into the fire; the whole family, old and young, held hands in circles around the fire, patting their clothes as they turned. Mongolian men jumped from the bonfire and carried wine and roasted sheep heads and sheep hooves door-to-door blessings to their village neighbors. The recipient came to thank him with the same gift. After that, the family happily gathered together to play "Shage"(Galaha), Xiabaogenjiruge (Mongolian chess), 12 Road, playing horse-head qin, and Sihu, sang toast songs to celebrate the good fortune, and entertain until dawn.

Before sunrise on the first day of the first lunar month, the Mongolians set up sacrifices and burned incense in the courtyard. The men bowed three times and nine kowtowed to the sky facing the southwest. After returning to the house, the younger generation presented a "New Year's Bowl"(the bowl contained wine or food) to the elders, wishing them a long life. The elders wished the younger generation a happy New Year with beautiful tributes, and distributed auspicious cakes to the young children to show their blessings.In the early morning, after eating dumplings, neighbors and villagers presented each other New Year's meals (mainly wine and meat), toasted each other, and wished each other happiness.

Then the Mongolian people dressed in festive costumes mounted horses, traveled from house to house, congratulated the New Year, kowtowed to their elders, and some even danced while singing. Mongolian young men and women also used this opportunity to race horses and chase each other, with a warm and happy atmosphere. This activity continues until the 15th day of the first month. In remote agricultural and pastoral areas, on the early morning of the 16th day of the first lunar month, when the sun has not yet risen, people who often play together still have the custom of "Habad" to use black ink. That is, when the other person is sleeping, he secretly smears smears on his forehead, mostly with ash from the bottom of the pot).

Mongolian Mader Festival Mader Festival is a festival commemorating Maitreya Buddha. The festival is held on the 15th of the first month and has a strong religious color. On the day of the festival, statues of Maitreya Buddha were hung in every Yellow Temple, and nearby herdsmen came to the temple to offer offerings, burn incense and worship. If the temple has a living Buddha, it will be presided over by the living Buddha, and if there is no living Buddha, it will be presided over by the Grand Lama. After worshiping Buddha, everyone was led by Guzida Banner Commander) to engage in traditional Mongolian recreational activities such as archery, horse racing, and wrestling.

The Mongolian Livestock Festival is a traditional festival of the Mongolian people. On the 16th of the first month of each year, Mongolians engaged in animal husbandry hold a ceremony for livestock, which is called the Livestock Festival. In some places, the date is not fixed, and it is selected from the first month to the Qingming Festival. This festival originated very early. On this day, the Mongolians gathered all the livestock together, checked the livestock 'condition, studied the arrangements for lambing and calf picking, and hung five-color silk ribbons on the breeding animals and asked the lamas to recite scriptures. Everyone sat around to toast and bless. Set up a stove, prepare delicious food, and everyone can eat together. Then cultural and sports activities were held, which made it very lively.​

Mongolian Taklegan Festival (Sacrifice to Obao) Taklegan Festival is a traditional Mongolian festival. This festival is a large-scale trib-centered sacrifice to Aobao held every year by the Mongolian people, which takes place in summer. "Aobao" is a transliteration of Mongolian, also called "Obo", which means "Duizi", that is, a stone pile or mound made of earth piled up artificially. Aobao is believed by the Mongolians to be the seat of the gods. The form of Aobao is roughly the same, that is, stones are piled up on the round altar to form a platform. The platform base is divided into large, medium and small layers, which overlap into a cone. It is surrounded by white clay. It is about ten feet high. It looks like a beacon tower and looks like a steeple from afar. The number of "Aobao" varies from place to place, some are individual ones, and some are Aobao groups. The most famous one is the Shisan Aobao in Beizi Temple in Xilin Gol League, Inner Mongolia.

Sacrifice to Aobao is a festival in the Mongolian grassland. Generally, it takes place once a year, and the time of sacrifice varies from place to place. Some are held on the third day of June; some are held in summer and autumn when the water and grass are abundant. The Mongolians brought various sacrifices such as meat, milk wine, and milk food to Aobao to hold a grand sacrificial ceremony. At that time, branches will be planted on the Aobao, colorful strips of cloth or paper flags will be hung on it. Buddhist scriptures will be written on the flags, and lamas will be invited to burn incense and ignite the fire, recite sutras and chants. Everyone knelt down and blessed, then added stones to the Oobao to repair it, and hung new five-color silk strips and pans on top of the Oobao to pray for good luck and prosperity for people and animals. Everyone gathered around Aobao and walked three times from left to right to pray for blessings from the gods.

The

Sacrifice rituals are not exactly the same in various places. There are roughly four types of sacrificial rituals: blood sacrifice, wine sacrifice, fire sacrifice, and jade sacrifice: blood sacrifice, which means that the cows, horses, and sheep you feed are slaughtered and worshiped in front of Aobao; wine sacrifice is that fresh milk, cream, and milk wine are sprinkled drop by drop in front of Aobao; A fire sacrifice is to burn a large pile of dried branches or a large pile of cow, horse, and sheep dung in front of Aobao. Each household approaches the fire, reads their own family names, offers sacrifices, and throws "Buhule Maha"(mutton meatballs) into the fire, and the more prosperous it is, the better it is; a jade sacrifice, jade is used as an offering. This ritual is now generally replaced by some coins and fried rice.

After the Oobao sacrificial ceremony, traditional recreational activities such as horse racing, archery, wrestling, singing and dancing will be held. After that, the Mongolian people who participated in the sacrifice drank heartily. Young men and women often take this opportunity to meet each other, climb high and play, chase each other, and express their feelings. The "Meeting with Aobao" in movies and novels describes this kind of scene. With the development of society, as well as the renewal of the ideological concepts of the majority of herdsmen and the improvement of scientific level, the sacrifice to Aobao was later changed to holding the Nadam Conference.

The Mongolian threshing field festival is called "Wuturu Mandaihu" in Mongolian. It is a Mongolian festival. This festival may have evolved from the Xingxing Animal Festival. Mongolian people such as Balin Banner, who are engaged in agriculture in the east, often choose auspicious days before threshing. They must wipe all the tools used on the threshing ground, recite greetings, and use various foods to sacrifice. Mongolian people engaged in threshing labor must kowtow, then toast each other for dinner, and finally engage in various cultural and sports activities.

The Mongolian Nadam Conference "Nadam" means the Mongolian people celebrating a bumper harvest and having fun. The "Nadam" Conference is ancient and sacred in the hearts of the Mongolian people. It has a long history and is the grandest traditional festival of the Mongolian people. It occupies an important position in the material life of the Mongolian people. It originated from the ancient sacrifice to Aobao, so there is also the saying of Aobao Nayaxin.

The "Nadam" Conference in the Qing Dynasty gradually became an organized and purposeful entertainment event regularly convened by Mongolian officials. Its scale, form and content have developed compared with previous ones. At that time, the Mongolian princes held Nadam every six months, one years or three years, using Sumu (equivalent to a district), flag, and league as units, and awarded rewards and titles to the winners of the competition according to levels. However, due to the manipulation of Mongolian princes and aristocrats at that time, excellent riders and wrestlers were often recruited by Wangye, so the championship was often won by Wangye's wrestlers and racehorses.

These people became the king's domestic slaves and tools to show off their prestige, and the "Nadam" Conference also became a place for princes and aristocrats to compete for fame and wealth and seek fun. The "Nadam" Conference at that time mainly served aristocrats and lamas. If the prince ascended the throne, or the annual "Sacrifice to Aobao", the ruler used the "Nadaou" meeting to force herdsmen to present the fattest cattle, sheep, horses and the best fur to the prince, and also selected the most beautiful girls for the enjoyment of princes, nobles and lamas.

After the founding of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Nadamucai truly became a grand event for the Mongolian herdsmen and an annual grand festival for the Mongolian people. Today's Nadam has been greatly enriched and developed in content and form due to its integration into the distinctive color of the times. In addition to sports and cultural performances, the content also includes commending advanced, promoting science and technology, holding various exhibitions and holding material exchange activities between urban and rural people. In the 1980s, the "Nadam" Conference had given new content and new meaning.

The "Nadam" conference is generally held in units of flags (counties), and some are also held in the name of alliances (special districts) and autonomous regions (provinces). The party and government attach great importance to this traditional grand meeting of the Mongolian people. The Nadam Conference has evolved into a major international gathering for opening up and exchanges, adding new content such as foreign trade and tourism. Whenever the "Nadam" conference is held, there are a large number of products with a wide range of colors and varieties for herdsmen to freely choose. Every time in Nadam in Xing 'an area, herdsmen wear festive costumes and flock to the conference venue from all directions. On the boundless grassland of the green sea, colorful flags fluttered and traffic was busy. The scene was extremely spectacular. In the distance, cattle and sheep are chirping, grazing horses are chasing, various motor vehicles are roaring and wheels are rolling; nearby, milk tea is fragrant, and stalls are dotted. The Mongolian herdsmen who came to the meeting were bustling, full of warm greetings and laughter, forming a happy grassland symphony.

The "Nadam" conference is held every year during the golden season of bumper animal husbandry in July and August. At this time, the grasslands of Inner Mongolia were clear in autumn, the wind and the sun were warm, the green grass was lush, the sheep were fat and the horses were strong, and there was a bumper harvest. Wearing colorful festive costumes and the joy of a bumper harvest, Mongolian herdsmen rode horses, led camel teams, drove oxcarts, and sang pastoral songs. They came from all directions to participate in the "Nadam" conference. Their superiors and brothers and counties also sent delegations to celebrate.

The "Nadam" conference generally lasts for seven days. Before the conference, Mongolian men and women, old and young, either rode horses, drove cars, or took cars, and put on festive costumes. They traveled hundreds of miles and thousands of miles. They worked tirelessly to gather in groups to the square of the conference and set up white yurts on the green grassland around the conference venue. They were like white clouds floating in the sky; colorful flags were fluttering in the gathering areas, sheep and cattle were chirping, and horses were howling, making the grassland more charming. The herdsmen brought many things, and some brought their yurts here. Around the venue, in addition to yurts, there are also temporary department store stalls, purchase stations, snack bars, food stores, and fruit stalls. The shops are filled with Mongolian robes, high-pitched riding boots, various leather jackets, gold and silver jewelry, etc. It is really a dazzling array and everything. The herdsmen proudly compare the trade market of the "Nadam" Conference to Wangfujing and Dazhalan in Beijing, and Little Shanghai on the grassland.

The "Nadam" conference has rich and colorful content, but the most attractive thing is still the traditional "three arts for men". Namely: horse riding, archery, and wrestling competitions. Nearby brothers and counties must organize wrestling teams, horse racing teams, and shooting teams to participate in the competition. The Mongolian people love wrestling, horse riding and archery. There are no Mongolian young men in the Inner Mongolia grassland who cannot ride horses or wrestle. They have been strictly trained by their parents, relatives and friends since childhood, making the "Men's Three Arts" movement prosperous and lasting.

In ancient times, wrestling was often used to select heroes on the grasslands, and Mongolian aristocrats often chose son-in-law in this way. Because in the eyes of Mongolians, wrestling is not only a display of strength, but also a test of intelligence. Horse racing is the most touching event at the "Nadam" conference. In the past, most of the Mongolians lived a nomadic life of living by water and grass, horses have become the most important support in this way of life. Horses are indispensable for marching and fighting, hunting and nomadism, business exchanges, and even meals and drinks. It is precisely based on this need of production and life that Mongolian people have been practicing equestrian since they were young. The superb skills of riding and riding horses are the basis of survival for every Mongolian, especially Mongolian men.

Based on such production and life practices, the

has produced horse racing activities, and gradually evolved into a national sports and entertainment event. In the Qing Dynasty, Nadam gradually turned into an organized and purposeful entertainment event organized by the government, held every half a year, a year or two years. Competitive winners were given horses, camels, cattle, sheep, brick tea, satin and other items. Reward.

During the conference, in addition to cultural and artistic performance groups, there were also Wulan Muqi from Brother Banner and County who also came to perform for the conference. The sports competitions and cultural performances at the "Nadam" grand event filled the entire grassland with a festive and peaceful atmosphere, and the herdsmen have been immersed in joy and happiness. Today, the "Nadam" Conference with strong ethnic customs has become a grand traditional festival for the Mongolian people. At the Nadam Conference, people enthusiastically displayed their strength and beauty, and expressed their love and pursuit. The whole scene gave people a rough, unrestrained and enthusiastic feeling, demonstrating the Mongolian people's bravery, tenacity, enterprising and hardworking national spirit reflects their aesthetic consciousness of advocating power, strength and grandeur.

The "Nadam" Conference is also a fair for agricultural and animal husbandry materials. In addition to industrial and agricultural and sideline products, there are also diets with national characteristics, such as beef and mutton and their smoked dried products, cheese, milk dried milk, cream, milk bumps, milk tofu, and yogurt. It can be said that today's Nadam is a happy festival event for the working people of the grassland to celebrate a bumper harvest, unity and victory; it is a multi-functional cultural and sports event in which the Mongolian people focus on national sports competitions and have cultural entertainment, art appreciation, information exchange, economy and trade, etc. It is a grand event full of unity and friendship, embodying the spirit of reform and opening up, and fully demonstrating the style of the grassland people. The "Nadam" conference is becoming more and more prosperous and prosperous.