[Ji Guoxiu Guo Xiaoyu] The possibility of knowledge map analysis and the diversification of folklore research methods

Abstract: Using the newly developed metrology software CiteSpace, a knowledge map analysis of the themes and evolutionary trends of intangible cultural heritage research in Liaoning Province is carried out.

Ways and countermeasures for intangible cultural heritage protection are recurring themes in relevant research and are also the core content of intangible cultural heritage research in Liaoning Province.

Intangible cultural heritage research in Liaoning Province presents four research trends, namely, the shift in research refinement, the consistent tendency of resource utilization, the recent innovative research orientation of intangible cultural heritage, and the new context of intangible cultural heritage protection and inheritance.

Only by shuttling back and forth between visual maps and traditional document reading can we maximize the advantages of CiteSpace bibliometrics.

Introducing the metrology software CiteSpace into the discipline of folklore in China to explore the possibilities of knowledge map analysis will help promote the diversification of folklore research methods.

Keywords: Knowledge Map;CiteSpace; Intangible Cultural Heritage of Liaoning Province; Folklore Research Methods; Visualization

Academics are a response to an era.

If we summarize the changes we have experienced from a technological perspective, then information technology is undoubtedly an important factor affecting social change.

Caster particularly emphasized the important role of information technology in shaping social changes, and described and defined this phenomenon as "the rise of the Internet society." Today,"Internet +" is widely known to us and has become a self-evident fact in daily life.

The first person to discuss this social change within the disciplinary perspective of folklore was the German scholar Bausinger.

In "Folk Culture in the World of Technology", a book that marks a major transformation of European folklore, Bausinger proposed that technology has become the second nature of man and called on the folklore community to re-examine the relationship between technology and folklore.

The response of China's folklore community to this question was probably in the early 21st century, when the research process of local society was initiated with the perspective of "folklore positioned in daily life in modern society." The changes from real fields to virtual networks, and from offline to online, have provided folklore with different research areas in the past.

For example, information technology jokes in the online society, the naturalization process of information technology, and folk customs in the new media era.

Form, folk identity in virtual communities, intangible cultural heritage in the era of integrated media (hereinafter referred to as "intangible cultural heritage") and the discussion on issues such as the generation and spread of "koi" in China in the context of the Internet record, describe and explain the changes that are taking place in China society after the intervention of information technology.

At the same time, the changes in experience have also provided diversified trial paths for subject research methods, and have had a profound impact on traditional data collection and classification methods.

Internet ethnography is one of the emerging research methods, which embodies the research of social sciences.

How does the field extend from real space to virtual space? In addition, some newly emerging metrology software programs have also entered the research field, providing broad prospects for social sciences, such as CiteSpace, Ucinet, Spss, etc.

Among them, CiteSpace is a bibliometric software used in this paper.

Knowledge map analysis uses software such as CiteSpace to draw maps.

It has the dual characteristics of "visual knowledge graph" and "serialized knowledge pedigree", which helps find academic trends and research rules in a certain field and provides quantitative research.

It provides great convenience.

Relatively speaking, the attempt and application of these measurement software is precisely what folklore lacks.

Qualitative research based on fieldwork and text analysis is an academic tradition in folklore.

Most folklore knowledge is produced on this basis, but there are a few exceptions.

Senior folklore scholars used measurement methods when studying ballads.

For example, Dong Zuobin collected and compiled "Seeing Her", and Liu Jing 'an used statistical methods to sort out the distribution frequency of ballads in various provinces.

In this sense, folklore also has attempts to quantify research.

However, there are few follow-up studies using quantitative methods, and there is no more experience to share.

On the one hand, the development of folklore is reflected in the expansion of research fields and the renewal of academic horizons; on the other hand, it is also reflected in the enrichment and diversification of research methods, especially the introduction of new tools widely used in other social sciences, which is very beneficial to enriching the research methods of folklore.

This is precisely one of the starting points of this research.

The paper takes the intangible cultural heritage of Liaoning Province as an entry point, and uses the metrology software CiteSpace to sort out relevant research topics and their evolution trends, striving to provide a new research perspective and a new expression and presentation method for intangible cultural heritage research.

Its significance lies in introducing metrology software into the research methods of China's folklore to explore the possibilities of new methods.

Liaoning Province is rich in intangible cultural resources and covers a wide range of fields.

As of December 1, 2020, the number of provincial-level intangible cultural heritage projects in Liaoning Province has increased to 294, and the number of provincial-level inheritors has increased to 198.

According to the list of national-level intangible cultural heritage representative projects published by China Intangible Cultural Heritage Network and China Intangible Cultural Heritage Digital Museum, Liaoning Province has been selected into 67 national-level intangible cultural heritage representative projects.

Except for the current blank categories of traditional sports, entertainment and acrobatics, they are widely distributed in various other categories, including 6 folk literature, 8 traditional music, 8 traditional dance, 9 traditional drama, and 12 folk arts.

There are 13 traditional art items, 3 traditional skills items, 2 traditional medicine items, and 6 folk customs items.

A total of 58 people have been selected as national-level intangible cultural heritage inheritors in Liaoning Province.

A total of 9 projects have been selected in the United Nations Intangible Cultural Heritage List in Liaoning Province.

Among them, Yiwulushan Manchu Paper-cutting, Zhuanghe Paper-cutting, Xiuyan Manchu Paper-cutting, Jianping Paper-cutting, and Xinbin Manchu Paper-cutting were selected in the 2009 List of Representative Human Intangible Cultural Heritage Works under the name of China Paper-cutting.

Fuzhou Shadow Play, Lingyuan Shadow Play, Xiuyan Shadow Play, and Gaizhou Shadow Play collaborated with other provinces to enter the 2011 list of human intangible cultural heritage representative works under the name "China Shadow Play." The ethnic composition of Liaoning Province is diverse, which gives strong ethnic factors to intangible cultural heritage resources.

Fuxin Mongolian Lejin matouqin music, Shenyang Chunchzhi Manchu paper-cutting, Fushun Manchu folk stories, Xinbin Batulu Ulleben, He Junyou Xibo folk stories, Xiuyan Manchu folk songs, Tieling Korean agricultural music and dance are all representatives of them.

Such diverse and rich intangible cultural heritage resources provide rich research objects and research areas for intangible cultural heritage related research.

This paper will use the method of visual atlas to systematically sort out the research results of intangible cultural heritage in Liaoning Province, deeply grasp the research status, research themes and research frontiers of intangible cultural heritage in Liaoning Province, reveal the research trends of intangible cultural heritage, and place the intangible cultural heritage research in Liaoning Province in the context of national intangible cultural heritage research, with a view to deepening the theoretical and practical research on intangible cultural heritage.

1.

Data sources and research methods

The data for this study comes from CNKI China Knowledge Network Journal Database.

We have defined the subject search terms as "'Liaoning 'and' Intangible Cultural Heritage '","'Liaoning' and 'Intangible Cultural Heritage'", Liaoning Province 'and' Intangible Cultural Heritage '"and Liaoning Province' and 'Intangible Cultural Heritage'".

There is no limit on the initial publication time.

The search time is 2020.

The search time is February 1, 2021, and 241 relevant documents were successfully retrieved.

In order to ensure the accuracy and representativeness of data sources, we manually eliminated irrelevant literature (including activity reports, relevant introductions, repetitive literature, etc.), and finally retrieved 148 valid literature.

Papers are exported to documents as text documents in RefWorks format.

The text data in RefWorks format contains information such as the title, author, institution, publication year, issue, volume, keywords and abstract of each document.

Then the data conversion function of CiteSpace (version 5.5.R2) is applied to convert the text data into CNKI format for later analysis.

CiteSpace is a relatively common application that is often used in document analysis and visualization.

Compared with traditional text analysis, CiteSpace has the advantage that it can conduct quantitative model analysis on the collected relevant literature and draw knowledge maps to present and analyze the evolution trajectory and research trends of related fields.

With CiteSpace, we can cross the literature jungle in a relatively short period of time and quickly grasp research hotspots, important researchers, classic documents, and cutting-edge documents in related fields.

Analysis of knowledge turning points is another important feature of CiteSpace, which can capture the sudden surge of new research topics within a given period of time.

The paper mainly relies on visual charts such as "Author Cooperation Analysis","Institutional Cooperation Analysis","Keyword Co-occurrence Map" and "Keyword Co-occurrence Network Time Zone Map" to reveal and explain the research hotspots of intangible cultural heritage research in Liaoning Province in different historical periods.

and its evolution trend, reproduce the direction and focus of intangible cultural heritage research in Liaoning Province, so that we can generally grasp its evolution laws.

As a bibliometric software, CiteSpace is good at grasping the relationship between documents, but it is easy to get stuck in data analysis and superficial quagmire.

Therefore, in the research review, we combined the results of CiteSpace analysis with traditional text reading to deepen the relationship between documents, try to deeply explore the connotation of texts, seek a balanced approach between traditional text analysis and CiteSpace, and make full use of CiteSpace visualization to show the evolution path of intangible cultural heritage research in Liaoning Province.

2.

Slow growth of intangible cultural heritage documents in Liaoning Province

In order to comprehensively grasp the changes in the total amount of intangible cultural heritage research literature and the change laws of literature in different periods of time, effectively evaluate the research status of intangible cultural heritage in Liaoning Province, and predict its development trend, we made a journal growth dynamic chart based on the retrieved 148 valid papers (see Figure 1).

Since the searched papers were first published in 2007, we set the Time parameter in CiteSpace software to 2007-2020.

Focusing on the research theme of intangible cultural heritage in Liaoning Province, Figure 1 intuitively reflects the number of papers published each year and the overall changes in papers over the past 14 years.

Compared with the whole country and other provinces, the number of journals related to intangible cultural heritage research in Liaoning Province is relatively small, and relevant research has started slowly.

Generally speaking, the earliest domestic intangible cultural heritage research can be traced back to 2002.

Cai Liangyu published the article "On the Protection and Development of Intangible Cultural Heritage", which is regarded as the starting point for intangible cultural heritage research in my country.

Five years later, the intangible cultural heritage of Liaoning Province began to enter the academic horizons of scholars, and relevant research results appeared one after another.

Overall, the intangible cultural heritage literature in Liaoning Province generally showed a volatile growth trend.

The discussion on countermeasures to the protection and utilization of intangible cultural heritage has opened the prelude to intangible cultural heritage research in Liaoning Province.

The article "Research on the Protection and Utilization Mechanism of Intangible Cultural Heritage in Liaoning Province" published in 2007 summarized and summarized five mechanisms for the protection and utilization of intangible cultural heritage in Liaoning Province, namely, living protection, legislation first, government-led, tourism utilization, and educational participation.

As far as the literature we have collected so far is concerned, this paper can be regarded as the beginning of intangible cultural heritage research in Liaoning Province.

From 2007 to 2009, the research literature on intangible cultural heritage in Liaoning Province grew slowly, with an average annual volume of less than 10 articles published.

In 2010, the average annual number of related research papers reached 10 for the first time, forming a research climax after slow growth.

The number of publications published in 2011 dropped sharply to the previous initial development stage, in sharp contrast to the number of publications published in 2010.

The period from 2012 to 2020 is a period of steady growth for intangible cultural heritage research in Liaoning Province, with an average annual volume of about 14 papers.

During this period, intangible cultural heritage has increasingly entered the public's eye, and at the same time, issues in local intangible cultural heritage inheritance and protection practices have gradually become clear, providing many topics and focuses for more scholars to participate in intangible cultural heritage research in Liaoning Province.

On the basis of academic accumulation, intangible cultural heritage in Liaoning Province has become an academic growth point.

The emergence of this research trend may be closely related to Liaoning Province's emphasis on intangible cultural heritage protection.

After a series of notices and plans such as the "Notice on Implementing the Ethnic and Folk Culture Protection Project in Liaoning Province","Implementation Plan for the Ethnic and Folk Culture Protection Project in Liaoning Province" and "Notice on Strengthening the Protection of Intangible Cultural Heritage in our Province" were successively issued, the "Regulations on Intangible Cultural Heritage of Liaoning Province" were officially promulgated in 2014.

The Ministry's Heritage Regulations are the first time that the Liaoning Province government has clearly defined intangible cultural heritage protection activities and the rights and obligations of intangible cultural heritage inheritors in the form of local policies and regulations, providing a corresponding legal basis and institutional foundation for intangible cultural heritage protection in Liaoning Province.

3.

The research pattern is relatively loose

In order to understand and grasp the scholars engaged in intangible cultural heritage research in Liaoning Province as a whole, sort out the connections between scholars in research institutions, and enrich and broaden the presentation dimension of relevant research, we use the cooperation map between core research groups and research institutions to reveal the cooperative relationship between scholars and the research areas that scholars are interested in.

The content revealed in this part is often ignored by traditional document reading or is difficult to reveal, and the knowledge mapping method can just make up for this shortcoming.

1.

Distribution of core researchers

Through the analysis of research scholars, we can further understand the current situation of intangible cultural heritage research in Liaoning Province, and find out the core researcher group-that is, those influential scholars in relevant fields, as well as the academic institutions where scholars work and the research fields they are engaged in.

Table 1 shows the top eight authors in the number of papers published.

These authors are mainly from universities and scientific research institutes under the government in Liaoning Province.

Among them, the scholar with the largest number of papers published is Sun Lixin from the School of Design and Art of Shenyang University of Aeronautics and Astronautics.

His research topics mainly focus on the productive protection of intangible cultural heritage in Liaoning Province (such as national brand construction of Xibo intangible cultural heritage) and intangible cultural heritage in Shenyang City (such as opera, handicrafts, and folk art).

His research perspective is very consistent with the current research trend of intangible cultural heritage.

Taking the national-level intangible cultural heritage inheritors in Liaoning Province as the entry point and exploring the new changes in their inheritance path in the information society is the main content of Hao Wenjun's research at the School of Politics and History of Bohai University.

Zhang Jingming from the Northeast Institute of Cultural Heritage and Cultural Industry of Dalian University focuses on the definition and theoretical system construction of ethnic and folk cultural heritage, as well as the relationship between intangible cultural heritage and cultural industries.

Cao Xiaofeng and Xu Haiyan from the Liaoning Academy of Social Sciences and Li Hong from Liaoning Normal University linked the protection of intangible cultural heritage in Liaoning Province with the development of the tourism industry to explore feasible paths for intangible cultural heritage protection in Liaoning Province.

Yu Fuye of the School of Art of Bohai University regards intangible cultural heritage as a starting point for targeted poverty alleviation, and believes that revitalizing traditional crafts and rural revitalization around intangible cultural heritage can win the poverty alleviation strategy.

Most of these studies start from the classification of intangible cultural heritage projects and inheritors in Liaoning Province, and also discuss the feasibility of regional intangible cultural heritage protection, tourism, and cultural industry development based on the characteristics of ethnic minorities.

We also noticed that some studies use a relatively macro perspective to highlight the national characteristics of folk cultural heritage and expand and enrich the theoretical framework of relevant research.

Through the distribution of core researchers, we have a general understanding of scholars in the field of intangible cultural heritage in Liaoning Province.

If we want to further clarify the connections between scholars 'research institutions, we need to reveal the cooperation map of academic institutions.

(2) The relationship network of academic institutions

Generally speaking, the number of papers published is an important indicator to evaluate the scientific research influence of academic institutions.Focusing on the theme of research institutions, we attempt to reveal and discover academic institutions engaged in intangible cultural heritage research in Liaoning Province.

In order to facilitate data analysis, we merged department nodes within the same school, and finally integrated the institutional cooperation map into 76 nodes and 41 links.

The larger the node displayed in the map, the more papers the institution publishes, and the higher the institution's attention to intangible cultural heritage in Liaoning Province.

The connection between nodes represents a cooperative relationship between the two institutions.

The color of the connection is correlated with the year of cooperation.

The light color of the connection indicates early cooperation between institutions, and the dark color of the connection indicates the recent cooperation between institutions.

A total of 76 institutions in Liaoning Province are focusing on research on this topic.

The specific distribution of research institutions shows that they roughly fall into three categories: one is government research institutes represented by Liaoning Province Research Center for Ethnic and Religious Issues and Liaoning Province Academy of Social Sciences; the other is university research institutions represented by Shenyang Normal University, Bohai University, Shenyang University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Liaoning Normal University, and Dalian University.

In addition, there is a third type, which is the Cultural Research Center for Ethnic Minorities in Northern China jointly established by the State Ethnic Affairs Commission and Shenyang Normal University.

These research institutions together constitute the leading force of intangible cultural heritage research in Liaoning Province.

In terms of the number of papers published, the top seven research institutions are Bohai University, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Liaoning Province Research Center for Ethnic and Religious Issues, Liaoning Province Academy of Social Sciences, Liaoning Normal University, and Dalian University.

Among them, Bohai University has the largest number of papers published, with 16.

Judging from the cooperative relationship between academic institutions, there are generally fewer connections between nodes, indicating that there is relatively little cooperation and exchanges between research institutions engaged in intangible cultural heritage in Liaoning Province, and they are generally in a relatively scattered and spontaneous research state.

In the cooperative relationship, the main focus is two-by-two collaborative relationship.

Shenyang Normal University and Shenyang University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Shenyang University of Aeronautics and Astronautics and Shenyang City College, Liaoning Engineering and Technical University and Fuxin Junior College, Shenyang Institute of Physical Education and Liaoning Province Institute of Physical Education belong to the same regional partnership.

Shenyang University and Central University for Nationalities, Social Science Department of Xi'an Academy of Fine Arts and School of Art Design and Architecture of Liaoning University of Technology had cross-regional cooperative relations in the early stage, Dalian University and School of Ethnology and Sociology of Central University for Nationalities, Bohai University and Northwest Research Institute of Shaanxi Normal University had cross-regional cooperative relations recently.

The cooperation map of research institutions shows that three or more cooperative relationships are currently formed into two groups.

One group is a same-regional collaboration network formed with Liaoning Province Academy of Social Sciences, Liaoning Province Ethnic and Religious Issues Research Center, China Northern Minority Culture Research Center, and Shenyang City Ethnic Affairs Committee as nodes; the other group is a cross-regional collaboration network formed with Liaoning Normal University, Department of Management of Taiyuan Normal University, School of Geographical Sciences of Shanxi Normal University, School of Economics and Management of Tongji University, etc.

These research institutions cooperate to publish journal papers.

Overall, the cooperative relationship between intangible cultural heritage research institutions in Liaoning Province is relatively discrete, which will affect the formation of the intangible cultural heritage research pattern in Liaoning Province to a certain extent, the cohesion and precipitation of academic issues, and the systematicness of future research.

University scholars and researchers from government research institutes have different focuses on intangible cultural heritage in Liaoning Province.

For example, the former is good at theoretical research, while the latter focuses on the practice and countermeasures of intangible cultural heritage protection in Liaoning Province, with special emphasis on the practical significance of intangible cultural heritage protection.

Future research will be carried out in the form of more in-depth academic cooperation between universities and institutions to promote the integration of intangible cultural heritage theory and practice.

4.

The research theme is ways and countermeasures for intangible cultural heritage protection

Keywords are a representation of the core ideas of the paper and are usually used to reveal and present the research theme.

With the help of the analysis of high-frequency keywords, we can grasp the main contents of relevant research focus.

The co-occurrence map of keywords can help us establish a co-word network between co-occurring keywords, thereby clarifying the main research topics in the academic field and future research trends.

The paper will further reveal the research theme and knowledge evolution laws of intangible cultural heritage in Liaoning Province through high-frequency keywords and keyword co-occurrence.

(1) Frequency analysis of keywords

We select and extract words with high frequency from literature, that is, high-frequency keywords, to describe and reveal the core content of intangible cultural heritage research in Liaoning Province, as well as repeated research themes.

High-frequency keywords (see Table 2) show that "intangible cultural heritage protection" is the core content of intangible cultural heritage research and discussion in Liaoning Province, with a frequency of 29 times, making it the most frequent keyword after "intangible cultural heritage" and "Liaoning Province." Regarding the ways and countermeasures for intangible cultural heritage protection, such as "heritage tourism","protection and inheritance","inheritors","countermeasures","cultural industry" and "resource utilization", are the topics that are focused on in Liaoning Province's intangible cultural heritage research.

These themes provide a conceptual framework for better understanding of the social process of intangible cultural heritage protection in Liaoning Province, and provide early accumulation for future academic research.

In addition, we can also see that "ethnic minorities" have become a relatively important focus of intangible cultural heritage research in Liaoning Province.

Compared with other ethnic groups,"Manchu" and "Xibo" have been more fully discussed.

In the regional distribution of intangible cultural heritage in Liaoning Province,"Shenyang","Dalian" and "western Liaoning region" appear in high-frequency words, indicating that compared with other regions, these three regions have attracted relatively more attention from scholars.

The appearance of high-frequency words in urban areas is closely related to the region's emphasis on the protection of ethnic culture and its early implementation of protection practices.

For example, Shenyang launched the "Ethnic and Folk Culture System Project" in 2005 and took the lead in carrying out intangible cultural heritage protection actions.

The "System Project" includes all ethnic and folk traditional cultures with historical value and distinctive regional characteristics in Shenyang into the scope of protection, laying a foundation for standardization and legalization of the protection of intangible cultural heritage in Shenyang City and Liaoning Province, and also making sufficient preparations and preparations for the application of intangible cultural heritage projects in Liaoning Province.

Similarly, Dalian started the compilation of folk cultural chronicles earlier, and at the same time attached great importance to the institutionalization of intangible cultural heritage protection.

It promulgated the "Implementation Opinions of the Dalian City People's Government on Further Prosperity and Development of Ethnic Minority Cultural Undertakings" and established a special intangible cultural heritage protection institution-Intangible Cultural Heritage Protection Center.

Different from the intangible cultural heritage protection paths in Shenyang and Dalian, the western Liaoning region adopts the method of cultural and ecological protection-the western Liaoning cultural and ecological protection zone is demarcated with Chaoyang as the core, and the folk cultural heritage is protected in an integrated, open and dynamic manner.

The intangible cultural heritage protection of the region is organically integrated with the protection of the natural environment and the cultural environment.

The "western Liaoning region" that appears in high-frequency keywords is an important part of intangible cultural heritage research in Liaoning Province.

It is the unified name of intangible cultural heritage projects in the region, including Lingyuan shadow puppets, Jianping paper-cutting, and Chaoyang Shehuo., or an overall concept about the region.

"Utilization of intangible cultural heritage resources","heritage tourism" and "cultural industry" are important keywords for understanding and interpreting the protection and inheritance of intangible cultural heritage in Liaoning Province.

Treating intangible cultural heritage as a cultural resource that can be consumed and using it, discussing the mechanism of industrialization and market-oriented development of intangible cultural heritage, as well as the necessity and possibility of combining it with the tourism industry and cultural and creative industries, has always been the focus of discussion in intangible cultural heritage research in Liaoning Province.

Currently, Liaoning is in the context of a new round of comprehensive and all-round revitalization of old industrial bases.

How to achieve a balance between the industrialization of intangible cultural heritage and the protection and inheritance of intangible cultural heritage, and how to use intangible cultural heritage to enhance the core of Liaoning's tourism and cultural industries.

Competitiveness? These remain issues that need to be addressed urgently.

As for the relationship between keywords, such as a co-word network composed of keywords that appear together in the paper, it needs to be further revealed by the keyword co-occurrence map.

(2) Keyword co-occurrence map

After maximizing the filtering of the map, we obtained a keyword co-occurrence map with the intangible cultural heritage of Liaoning Province as the core.

According to the content displayed in the keyword co-occurrence map, we reveal the characteristics of intangible cultural heritage research in Liaoning Province from four aspects: ethnic characteristics and regional distribution of intangible cultural heritage projects, focused categories of intangible cultural heritage projects, and multidisciplinary dialogue and participation.

First, the national characteristics of intangible cultural heritage research.

So far, research on intangible cultural heritage in Liaoning Province has focused very much on the discussion of ethnic minorities.

Since 2007, we have seen continued growth in this type of research.

The research path of selecting ethnic intangible cultural heritage as the object and combining intangible cultural heritage with ethnic heritage provides many new insights for the study of intangible cultural heritage in Liaoning Province.

The keyword co-occurrence map also shows that the journal literature on intangible cultural heritage research in Liaoning Province involves the "Manchu" in "Beipiao","Xiuyan","Fushun","Xinbin" and "Yiwulushan", as well as the "Xibo" with Liaoning Province as the research unit.

However, the intangible cultural heritage of ethnic groups in other regions is rarely involved.

With the addition of Mongolian intangible cultural heritage ("Kazuo Dongmeng Folk Stories"), the ethnic perspectives of intangible cultural heritage research in Liaoning Province have become increasingly diversified.

The ethnic distribution of intangible cultural heritage in Liaoning Province shows that there are a considerable number and variety of national and provincial intangible cultural heritage projects of Mongolian and Korean ethnic groups, but they are relatively lacking in the field of academic research, and their theoretical research is also relatively weak.

From another perspective, intangible cultural heritage research in Korean, Mongolian and other ethnic groups is an important academic growth point for intangible cultural heritage in Liaoning Province.

It can be used as a cutting-edge part of future intangible cultural heritage research and deserves continuous attention and in-depth exploration.

Second, the regional distribution of intangible cultural heritage research.

At the same time, we also found that the areas for intangible cultural heritage research in Liaoning Province are mainly concentrated in Shenyang and Dalian, which is consistent with the content revealed by the above-mentioned high-frequency keywords.

"Traditional music" including "Liaoning Drum Music" and its "digital protection","productive protection" of "opera" intangible cultural heritage,"protection and inheritance" of intangible cultural heritage, and "cultural industrialization" of intangible cultural heritage."Innovative research" on intangible cultural heritage is the main focus of attention in Shenyang City.

"Folk art resources" and "cultural industry", intangible cultural heritage and "tourism" and the development of "tourism products","urban culture" and "shadow play art" that has recently entered the research field constitute the main focus of research on intangible cultural heritage in Dalian.

In addition, research on areas such as "Anshan Pingshu","Haicheng Stilt-Yangko","Benxi Drum Music", and "Kazuo Dongmeng Folk Stories" have been successively added to relevant research, optimizing the regional structure of the study., making the local nature of intangible cultural heritage research increasingly rich.

Third, the types of intangible cultural heritage research projects.

The keyword co-occurrence map reveals the categories and focuses of intangible cultural heritage projects that academic research focuses on, including "Liaoning Drum Music" in traditional music,"digital protection" of "intangible cultural heritage music", and inheritance and protection of "Benxi Drum Music"., protection status quo of "Western Liaoning Region" and "folk music"; industrialization development path of "folk art resources" in traditional art,"cultural creativity" of "Manchu Paper-cutting" and "inheritors interviews""; The "rights subject" of "Haicheng stilts" in the traditional dance category; the cross-cultural "dissemination" of "Errenzhuan" in the folk arts category and the "cultural industry" development model of "Anshan Pingshu"; the inheritance and protection of "traditional martial arts" in the traditional sports, entertainment and acrobatics category, and the current situation of "traditional sports acrobatics category; the" Dongmeng Folk Stories "and" Regional Cultural Soft Power "in the folk stories category; the" Inheritance "of" Luanzhou Shadow Play "in the traditional drama category; The design, development and promotion of intangible cultural heritage "tourist souvenirs" in the online society, etc., of traditional skills, such as "Fu's Xibo Paper-cutting", etc., the intangible cultural heritage teaching practice and talent training model of "Fuxin Agate Carving";"Jin's Bone Setting Technique" and "Jin's Plaster" in traditional medicine;"Benxi Shehuo" and "Village Culture" in folk customs; Haicheng "Temple Fair Culture" and excellent national cultural traditions, etc.

It is worth noting that the concept of classified protection appears in the map, which emphasizes the need to adopt different types of protection based on the current situation and characteristics of different intangible cultural heritage categories.

The concept of classified protection has effectively promoted the research on the turning of specific intangible cultural heritage categories in Liaoning Province.

Among the ten categories of intangible cultural heritage in Liaoning Province, current research has covered it, although the depth and breadth of the research are inconsistent.

Combined with the local areas it relies on, exploring specific categories of intangible cultural heritage protection and development will be a research trend in the future.

In addition, there is also greater room for academic growth in the intangible cultural heritage of traditional medicine and folk customs.

Fourth, multidisciplinary dialogue and participation.

Focusing on the theme of intangible cultural heritage in Liaoning Province, tourism, creative cultural industries, brand design, communication, university art education, law, etc.

have used the knowledge of their respective disciplines to conduct interdisciplinary cooperation and exploration.

Multi-disciplinary participation will help break down barriers between disciplines, further deepen the research content of intangible cultural heritage in Liaoning Province, enrich and expand the research horizons of intangible cultural heritage in Liaoning Province, and at the same time improve the possibility of intangible cultural heritage protection and inheritance in Liaoning Province in practice.

Nowadays, more and more scholars favor and use cross-disciplinary knowledge to analyze and solve intangible cultural heritage issues.

This research idea is consistent with the overall trend of international intangible cultural heritage research.

5.

Evolution process of research trends

By adding a temporal dimension to the keyword co-occurrence network-that is, what is revealed by the keyword time zone map-we can present in a dynamic form the keywords that have been focused on in the research literature over the past 14 years.

From this, we can find the time when a certain keyword first appears, and the connection indicates the co-occurrence relationship between the two keywords, indicating that they appear together in a paper.

The frequency of occurrence of keywords is reflected in the form of annual rings.

The higher the frequency of occurrence, the larger the annual rings around the keywords.

By showing the changes in the connection between keywords over different periods of time, the time zone map can reflect the evolution of the vertical process of academic accumulation of intangible cultural heritage in Liaoning Province in an intuitive form, and generally present the main ideas of the research and the continuity between related topics.

On the whole, the themes and content of intangible cultural heritage research in Liaoning Province have been continuously enriched since 2007, theories and perspectives have also been continuously increased and improved, and research on related topics has become more and more mature.

We sorted out keywords with time spans into research topics, and presented the main research trends of intangible cultural heritage in Liaoning Province through research topics:

(1) Two directions in research refinement

During the period from 2007 to 2009, a small annual ring was formed around the keyword "Liaoning Province", indicating that the overall discussion on intangible cultural heritage in Liaoning Province is a continuous topic.

Since 2007, research on intangible cultural heritage in Liaoning Province has also shown another contextual orientation, and the literature on detailed research has continued to grow.

The refined research follows two clues: the first is the turn of specific regions; the second is the turn of specific intangible cultural heritage categories combined with regional research.

In some studies, the two directions are intertwined.

Specific regional turn refers to the adjustment of research objects from the overall region at the relatively meso level to micro and specific cities and counties.

We can see this trend from the continuous accumulation of keywords in relevant regions.

In the 2010-2012 period, keywords "Dalian" and "Shenyang" were added, and "western Liaoning region" and "southern Liaoning region" appeared in the subsequent 2013-2015 period.

During the period from 2016 to 2018, the turn of regional research has been further extended, and the keywords "Fushun" and "Xiuyan" have been added.

Accompanied by this trend, the theme discussed in relevant research has shifted from the overall intangible cultural heritage category of Liaoning Province to the specific intangible cultural heritage category of the region, that is, the specific intangible cultural heritage category shift along another clue of refined research.2013-2015 The keywords "Liaoning Drum Music" and "Anshan Pingshu" in the 2016-2018 period, the keyword "Benxi Drum Music" appeared in the 2016-2018 period, and the new "Kazuo Dongmeng Folk Stories","Jinzhou Manchu Folk Embroidery", etc., are increasingly appearing in the academic field.

In this regard, due to the four-level declaration system for intangible cultural heritage projects, more and more county-level and city-level projects have emerged, constantly joining the academic vision of intangible cultural heritage research in Liaoning Province.

The increase in intangible cultural heritage practice and its problems have triggered more theoretical discussions and countermeasure research, thus integrating it into new academic growth points.

On the other hand, the emphasis on intangible cultural heritage living space is also a research trend in academic circles in recent years, and the regional research turn can also be regarded as a response of intangible cultural heritage research in Liaoning Province to this research trend.

Combined with the local areas it relies on, exploring specific categories of intangible cultural heritage protection and development will have greater room for academic growth.

Intangible cultural heritage in Liaoning Province is an overarching concept.

It can be divided into different subdivision concepts along different dividing lines-such as intangible cultural heritage project categories, administrative divisions, ethnic groups, etc.

How to systematically use and interpret these concepts and explain the relationship between subdivision concepts will be a theme for future research.

In addition, intangible cultural heritage research in Liaoning Province can be carried out in more diverse areas, and regional research will be further enriched and expanded.

(2) A consistent trend of resource utilization

Treating intangible cultural heritage as a scarce resource to be used appeared in the initial research on intangible cultural heritage in Liaoning Province and has been throughout the entire intangible cultural heritage research process.

Before 2009, we witnessed the emergence of the keywords "heritage tourism","resource utilization" and "industrialization", which are all objects and contents from an economic perspective.

2010-2012 The keywords "tourist souvenirs" and "protection and development" in 2001 present the academic community's thinking on the planning and final products of the industrialization of intangible cultural heritage resources, and also follow this consumerism perspective.

With the deepening of research, more and more intangible cultural heritage projects have been included in the category of resources, making their resource structure more and more abundant.

2013-2015 During the year, proposals for "folk handicraft cultural resources" appeared, as well as the keyword "national brand" that integrates brand building with national intangible cultural heritage.

2016-2018 During the year,"folk art" was added to the original resource structure.

In 2020, the concept of "integrated integration" combining intangible cultural heritage and tourism appeared in research, which can also be regarded as an expansion and extension from the perspective of consumerism.

Overall, the concept of resources has been widely used in literature research, and the presentation, distribution and industrial development of resources have attracted the attention of scholars.

These studies basically view and understand the intangible cultural heritage of Liaoning Province from the standpoint of consumerism, focusing on the ways and countermeasures for the transformation of intangible cultural heritage resources, and taking them as the starting point and goal for realizing the protection of intangible cultural heritage in Liaoning Province.

In contrast, research on intangible cultural heritage itself, the significance of intangible cultural heritage in local people's lives, and the historical generation of intangible cultural heritage are relatively lacking.

Future research may exceed these limitations, but it is also an area with particular potential for future research.

(3) Recent research orientations for intangible cultural heritage innovation

Innovative research first appeared as a theme in 2012.

At this time,"innovation" was used to discuss how to use and transform Shenyang's intangible cultural heritage resources in tourist souvenirs.

Aiming at innovative souvenir design for consumers, this research effectively conveyed the practical significance of innovative research in the protection of intangible cultural heritage in Liaoning Province, and subsequent research is an extension of this sense.

2013-2015 In 2001, the keywords "digital protection" and "cultural creativity" were added to the innovation theme and became the core concepts of scholars 'research.

These concepts have been applied to discussions on issues such as innovation in intangible cultural heritage protection mechanisms and the specific experience and universal significance of Liaoning drum music digital protection.

2016-2018 The discussion on digital technology continued in 2000, but its focus turned to how to apply digital media technology to help the spread of intangible cultural heritage in Liaoning Province, advancing the research on innovative themes one step forward.

Digital technology is not only the object of review for innovation themes, but also a major feature of the era in which intangible cultural heritage sites are located.

In such an era, the challenges faced by intangible cultural heritage, the possibility of innovative inheritance paths, and the expansion of intangible cultural heritage space for "innovative talent training" have become the focus of academic attention.

How to enhance the creative inheritance and innovative development of intangible cultural heritage has become an important topic at present.

Innovation research mainly focuses on the discussion of intangible cultural heritage, communication paths and implementation methods, either with the help of digital technology and university discipline construction, or with innovation as a response to intangible cultural heritage communication in the information technology era.

The future research meeting will explain and apply the concept of innovation in a more in-depth way, discuss the dimensions of innovation, and combine the practice of intangible cultural heritage in Liaoning Province to discuss the innovation paths of specific categories of intangible cultural heritage in categories.

(4) New context for the protection and inheritance of intangible cultural heritage

Intangible cultural heritage research in Liaoning Province is not limited to the academic field, but is closely linked to the needs of social reality and the adjustment of macro policies.

The relationship between intangible cultural heritage and "national education" and intangible cultural heritage and "ecological resources" are two important dimensions that need to be considered in discussing intangible cultural heritage in Liaoning Province from 2010 to 2012.

In 2013-2018, scholars associated intangible cultural heritage with "traditional village culture","regional cultural undertakings" and "urbanization process".

In these groups of relationships, intangible cultural heritage projects have been placed in more scenes and contexts, and we can see the new contexts faced by intangible cultural heritage protection and inheritance.

In 2019, in the perspective of scholars, intangible cultural heritage has become a starting point for promoting "targeted poverty alleviation" and "rural revitalization", an important resource for enhancing "regional and international cultural soft power", and a locomotive for "urban cultural construction".

These studies reflect the changes that have taken place in different social backgrounds in Liaoning Province.

The increasingly close connection between intangible cultural heritage and regional society, politics, culture and technology shows the transformation and maturity of relevant research, as well as scholars 'further deepening of understanding of intangible cultural heritage is a trend for future research.

The theme of intangible cultural heritage will respond to more and more practical problems, integrate it more closely with the needs of social reality, and provide more practical and practical ways and solutions.

VI.

Conclusion

This paper uses the metrology software CiteSpace to map the knowledge map of intangible cultural heritage in Liaoning Province over the past 14 years.

We found that ways and countermeasures for intangible cultural heritage protection are recurring themes in research and are the core content of intangible cultural heritage research in Liaoning Province.

Relevant research shows an imbalance in the distribution of study regions and ethnic groups.

Subsequent research can consider including more regional and ethnic intangible cultural heritage into the research scope.

In addition, the issue of coordination and integration between regions deserves attention, and future intangible cultural heritage research in Liaoning Province requires a more systematic perspective.

Multidisciplinary exchanges have provided new research perspectives on related topics, and more disciplines will be added to the countermeasures and paths of intangible cultural heritage protection in Liaoning Province in the future.

Intangible cultural heritage research in Liaoning Province presents four research trends, namely, the shift in research refinement, the consistent tendency of resource utilization, the recent innovative research orientation of intangible cultural heritage and the new context of intangible cultural heritage protection and inheritance.

These are areas that need continuous attention in future research.

The paper provides a new method and research perspective for presenting and revealing the research hotspots and evolution process of intangible cultural heritage in Liaoning Province, and attempts to explore the possibility of introducing CiteSpace visual analysis into the discipline of folklore through analyzing this issue.

Compared with traditional literature reading methods, CiteSpace has great advantages.

It can cross the literature jungle to find the laws and structures hidden behind the literature and predict future research trends.

In this study, we found that CiteSpace, as a bibliometric software, still needs to use the traditional literature reading method as the knowledge basis to reasonably explain and explain the content and relationships presented by the visual atlas.

This means that only Only by shuttling back and forth between the visual atlas and traditional literature reading can we maximize the advantages of CiteSpace bibliometric measurement.

It should be noted that data sources will have a certain impact on the maps revealed by CiteSpace.

The sources of data for the papers are mainly journals published by CNKI.

Due to different formats, they are not included in the works.

Relatively speaking, the disclosure of the review of intangible cultural heritage in Liaoning Province may have some limitations.

How to deeply cultivate these document forms and make the document review more objective and comprehensive is the question we need to think further next.

Due to the lack of citation data in the literature included in CNKI, the paper cannot carry out quantitative analysis based on co-citation of the literature.

Subsequent research can use other databases containing citation data to further carry out multi-angle analysis.

In addition, different parameter settings, thresholds, time slices and other settings will also have some impact on the study results.

The knowledge map analysis of intangible cultural heritage in Liaoning Province provides a useful attempt for the quantification of Northeast Intangible Cultural Heritage, National Intangible Cultural Heritage, and International Intangible Cultural Heritage.

At the same time, it provides a source for the quantitative research of regional and even national folk events and folk literature.

Constructive research ideas.

Knowledge map analysis is a practical measurement tool to reveal and grasp research themes and research directions.

This method has a broad application prospect in the discipline of folklore.

(Original source: Folk Customs Research, 2021, Issue 06, notes and references can be found in the original text)