Folk customs of Russia in China

The first impression of the Russian nation will remind people of Russia, a country in Europe. So are there any connections between the Russians and the Russian state? I think many friends would like to know. Friends who are interested in the Russians can follow the editor to learn about the differences between the Russians and The Russian Federation, as well as the customs and habits of the Russians, and see how the Russians are different from other ethnic minorities and the traditional festival customs of the Han nationality.

China Russians are descendants of ancient Russian immigrants. After hundreds of years of assimilation, their appearance, appearance, customs and habits have become completely different from those of the Russians in The Russian Federation. And gradually formed its own national characteristics.

The Russians are distributed in 31 provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government across the country. They are mainly concentrated in the northwest of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, northern Heilongjiang, and Hulunbeir City in the northeastern part of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, with a total of about 14,000 people, accounting for 89.40% of the total Russian population.

The history of the Russian people The word "Russia" originated from the name "Ross" of an East Slavic tribe in ancient Europe. The ancestors of the Russian people first lived in eastern Europe. They were called "Villetes" by Roman historians in the 1st century AD. They lived on the Vistula River and the south bank of the Baltic Sea and were engaged in agriculture and animal husbandry. In the 6th century AD, they were already known as Ross. In the 10th century, Oleg, Grand Duke of Rus, controlled the surrounding tribes centered on Kiev. In the 13th century, Kievan Rus was annexed by the Mongols and incorporated into the Golden Horde Khanate established by the Mongols. During the reign of Emperor Wenzong of the Yuan Dynasty, 10,000 Russ soldiers from the Golden Horde Khanate were recruited into Dadu to serve as guards and provide them with land to cultivate. This is the earliest record of Russians entering China in large numbers. In China's history books, they are called Semu people. Starting from the 14th century, the Russians separated from the ancient Ross tribe and established a centralized state centered on Moscow in the late 15th and early 16th centuries.

In terms of ethnic classification, the Russians belong to the Europa race. The human body is characterized by white skin color, brown or blue eyes, high nose, thin lips, thin soft yellow hair, tall figure, and moderately developed third type of hair (beard, armpit hair, etc.). Due to intermarriage with surrounding ethnic groups, the Russians in China have gradually changed their physique and have the characteristics of yellow people.

The Russian ancestors of China first moved from Tsar Russia in the early 18th century. In the late 18th century, due to the cruel rule of Tsar Russia, a large number of Russians moved to China. Especially at the end of the 19th century and around the October Revolution in Russia, more Russians poured into northern Xinjiang and northeastern China from Siberia and other places. After the October Revolution in Russia, some people fled the war and entered China. At that time, they were called "Guihua" and the village where they lived was called "Guihua Village." After the founding of the People's Republic of China, they were changed to Russian nationality and were recognized as a minority in China. They enjoyed equal rights like people of other ethnic groups. The living customs, material culture and spiritual culture of the Russians in my country are basically the same as those of the Russians in Russia. Since the Russians have not moved to our country for a long time, many of them still have relatives and friends in the former Soviet countries. After the founding of New China, relations between them were restored, and many people asked to return to their hometowns to reunite with their relatives. In the 1950s, with the consultation and consent of the Chinese and Soviet governments, they were helped to move back to their hometowns. In addition, some Russians have also moved to places such as Australia and Canada, because their relatives are also there. Therefore, the existing Russian population in China is no longer large.

The national language of the Russian ethnic group The Russian ethnic group has its own language and writing. It uses Russian and Russian, and uses the Slavic Kiril alphabet. There are 33 letters in total. There are differences between printed and handwritten letters. The language belongs to the Slavic family of the Indo-European family. In society, they all speak and use Chinese. In the family, when interacting with people of their own ethnic groups, they also speak and use Russian. The characteristics of the Russian language are that it is divided into two types: vowels and consonants. Consonants are divided into clear consonants (vocal cords do not vibrate) and voiced consonants (vocal cords vibrate). In addition, Russian consonants can also be divided into soft consonants and hard consonants. The pronunciation movements of the two are basically the same. The main difference is that when a soft consonant is soft, the middle of the tongue needs to be lifted towards the palate. Nouns are divided into singular and plural, with changes in part of speech and case. Verbs have categories of form, tense, person, and aspect.

Russian living customs The Russian house is called a "woodcut ridge." The house is tall and large. The house is constructed of a single wood and is divided into a bedroom, a living room, a kitchen and a storage room. The houses are square in shape, with sloping roofs, and some are covered with iron sheets painted with green paint. In front of the main entrance, there are doorways and corridors. There are corridors inside the door, and bedrooms and living rooms are on both sides of the corridor. There is a fire wall made of adobe in the corners of the interior. The interior furnishings are quite exquisite. The bedroom is equipped with wooden beds or iron beds, and the iron bed railings are carved with flowers and plants, giving people a quaint feeling.

Kissing, bowing, and shaking hands are the most common etiquette. When women meet friends, they usually hug and sometimes kiss each other. Men only hug each other. When brothers and sisters meet again or are separated after a long time, they must shake hands. Generally, subordinates or younger generations should not reach out first. When a man meets a woman, he has to wait for the woman to reach out before shaking hands with her. For women who meet for the first time, only bow.

When visiting or doing business at a Russian home, you must knock when you enter the house and get permission to enter. When you enter the house, you must take off your hat and sit in the seat given to you by the owner. You cannot sit on a bed. Sitting on a bed is considered very impolite behavior. Visitors are not allowed to smoke at will, and smoking must be approved by the owner. The most solemn traditional etiquette of Russians is to welcome guests with bread and salt, symbolizing friendship and goodwill. Visitors must use a knife to cut off a piece of bread with a little salt and eat it before entering the house. This etiquette was once only used to welcome distinguished guests and brides, but is now also used in general social occasions.

When visiting a Russian family, there are many rules. You must knock on the door first and get the owner's permission before entering the house. After entering the house, you cannot wear a hat or sit on the bed of the owner's house; if guests want to smoke, you must obtain the owner's consent in advance; when lighting a cigarette, you cannot use a match to light three people in a row; you cannot ask about other people's income or the age of a woman, otherwise it will be considered impolite.

When going to a family banquet, you should generally arrive 15 minutes later than the booked time, but not later. Ethnic Russians still avoid numbers in their lives, especially "13", which they call a ghost number and the most unlucky. Russians love meat, but avoid horse meat and donkey meat. They cannot raise their glasses with their left hand when drinking. You must use a spoon when drinking soup, but you must not use your left hand to hold the spoon.

Russian ethnic families practice monogamy, and the father is the head of the family and is in charge of the family economy. After their children grow up and get married, they set up another family and live independently. When the parents die, the inheritance is divided among the children. The Orthodox Church prohibits divorce, and ethnic Russians are influenced by the Orthodox Church and generally rarely divorce. The name of the Russian ethnic group consists of three parts: original name, patronymic name and surname. After a woman gets married, she usually takes her husband's surname. There are also men who take her surname or both parties do not change their surname.

Russian literature Russian literature occupies an important position in world culture. Its main source is the oral literary heritage left by the ancestors of the Russians for their descendants, such as long epics, nursery rhymes, proverbs, etc. praising the warriors. Especially in the early 19th century, Russia's literary heritage had a certain influence on the culture of the Russian ethnic group in my country.

The Russians have excellent traditional culture and rich literature and art. Among them, written literature mainly includes poems, novels, etc. For example, Ivan, a Russian immigrant who joined China, wrote a novel called "Escape", which mainly describes their experience of fleeing from Russia to China. A Russian female teacher once wrote the poem "We Are Members of the Chinese Nation," which reflects the harmony and unity of our Chinese nation's big family. In addition, the Russians also have a large number of folk oral literature, in various forms such as myths and legends, stories, fables, aphorisms, proverbs, riddles, and rap. Most of its content praises the working people's hard work, wisdom, kindness, creativity, and courage to overcome difficulties. The noble quality.

Russian music Russians have a profound tradition of music and culture regard music and dance as their life. Whether it is religious ceremonies or daily festive entertainment occasions, songs and dances and musical instruments are accompanied. The Russian music circulating in my country can be divided into two categories: religious music and folk music, with folk music with various styles and genres as the main body; its music belongs to a typical European music family, with the modes and scales adopting European large and small modes, and the texture is dominated by multiple sounds., with vertical and harmonious musical thinking characteristics, it is unique among 56 ethnic groups. Russian folk songs have a wide range of content and can be divided into categories such as custom and ritual songs, lyrical songs, narrative songs and dance short songs in terms of themes. Balalak is a unique Russian stringed instrument, also known as the "grand piano". When Russians gather together, they often play the grand piano or the accordion, sing and dance, and pour out their joy. Traditional Russian music includes two parts: folk music and religious music. Folk music includes ceremonial songs, lyrical songs, narrative songs, song and dance music and instrumental music.

Website Photo Location Russian Dance The Russians are also a nation that can sing and dance well. They often hold various family banquets and parties, dancing ballroom dances, Russian dances, Swan Lake dances, Ukraine dances, Russian group dances, as well as tap dances, headscarf dances, carriage dances, etc. The dance is beautiful, with many participants and strong national characteristics. Tap dancing is a folk dance of the Russian ethnic group and one of the dances danced during Easter. When dancing this dance, men, women and old wear leather shoes and participate together. Accompanied by the accordion, everyone formed a circle and hit the ground with their toes, heels, or a certain part of the soles of their feet to make a tapping sound. Women danced and waved silk, men danced and whistled, and piano players also joined the dancing ranks and danced. The rhythm is clear and changeable, the movements under the feet are flexible and loud, and the scene is lively and lively.

Lyrical songs often express the content of love, and the melody is very beautiful. Most of these songs are in the form of two or three parts, using natural minor scales, and sometimes in a unified way. Each voice part is freely combined and adjusted at any time to maintain the balance between the voice parts. The music style is unique and has strong artistic expression. "The Fisherman's Song", which is widely circulated among the people, is a lyrical song composed of a lead singer and two choruses. The lyrics tell the love story of the fisherman's three sons. The high part of this song adopts a distinctive natural minor tune, while the low part has the characteristics of a melodic minor tune. The melody is deep and intrinsic, and it is very popular among people.

There are a large number of narrative songs circulating among the Russian people, most of which are sung repeatedly in the form of one song with multiple words, with a wide range of content and themes. These songs belong to multi-part chorus, including "My Son Killed in the Battle" and "An Orchard Green" with the theme of war. The harmony is strong and the music is solemn and solemn; there are also "The Walking Girl" and "The Rugged Altai Mountain Road", which reflect the tragic fate and love encounter of women, have a sad and desolate color.

Russian entertainment The Russians have lived in the north for generations, and their sports activities are mostly related to natural conditions and living environment. In winter, the Russians like skating, skiing, wrestling and football with a lot of sports. They like fishing in summer and hunting in autumn. They also have the custom of hiking. Every day in the warm spring, flowers bloom, and young men and women meet for spring outing. People carry rich food and go to beautiful places to dance, sing and have picnics.

Russian craftsmanship The Russians are a flexible nation. Their folk crafts are very rich and developed, full of artistic and national style, and have a very profound influence on folk crafts in Xinjiang, Heilongjiang and other places.

Russian men are mainly engaged in industries such as boot and shoe processing, cutting and sewing, and carpentry and carving. The men and women's leather shoes, belts, etc. they design and produce a variety of varieties, bright colors, exquisitely processed, and are very popular among people. Russian women are mainly engaged in knitting and embroidery. They can use various wool and silk threads to weave tapestries, cushions, carpets, headscarves, etc., and are also embroidered with figures, flowers, birds, beasts and other patterns. They are beautiful, elegant, exquisite and elegant, and are all exquisite handicrafts.

The doll is a famous traditional handicraft and tourist souvenir in Russia. When you open the doll's belly, you will find that it can be peeled off layer by layer. Not only are there a large number of dolls, but each set of dolls is roughly different. Perhaps the expression, perhaps the color, and the belly of each set of dolls all depict very different stories, scenery and culture.

The Russian nation is a pure and kind nation. Thousands of children around the world spent their happy childhood accompanied by beautiful Russian fairy tales, such as the stories of Little Red Riding Hood and Grandma Wolf, wild swans, three bears, etc., all of which make people never tire of hearing it. The reason why the world-famous Russian nesting dolls are so popular in the world is because of these eloquent fairy tales.

The earliest idea of Russian nesting dolls was a wooden doll made to please children. Children all like fairy tales, so the famous characters and animals in the story were made into dolls. Over time, the dolls have formed their unique style, with dolls of different sizes being set one after another, making people feel more interesting. Since the 14th century, the nesting dolls that first originated in the ancient Russian town of Zagorsk, 70 kilometers south of Moscow, have been loved by friends from all over the world due to the superb carving and painting skills of generations of craftsmen and the accumulation of Russian national culture. Gradually, the materials for dolls have become more and more abundant. In addition to fairy tale characters, historical figures, dignitaries, and even characters and things in daily life have become objects of creation. Depending on the number of babies contained in the belly, the dolls are divided into 5-piece sets, 7-piece sets, 12-piece sets, 15-piece sets, etc.