Traditional practices of the Ownk people
A people from North-East Asia, formerly known as the Tungus in Russia and now known as the Evenguz, is now known as the Evengsi, mainly in the Siberian region; China ' s Orinks are mainly based in the Haulenberg Union of the Autonomous Region of Mongolia, and other ethnic groups are scattered in the Chembalhui flag, the Jeguna left flag, the Molitawa flag, the Aronze, the city of Zalantan and the Nau River County of Heilang province.
There are three branches of the Owenks in China: the Soren Ministry, the Tungus Ministry and the Owenk Deer Ministry.
“Owink” is a self-proclaimed ethnic group of the Owinks, meaning “people living in the forest of the mountains”.
Historically, as a result of their geographical location, the Oinks have been given the name “Gigduu Day” or “Eugden” (Owink's meaning “Mountain”) for the great mountain forests in the area of the Great Rise and Upland, including the areas of Exhaust-Amazar and the Upper Lena River.
There is also the term “Owink” meaning “people who go down the mountain” or “people who live on the southern slope”.
Both of the above-mentioned explanations indicate that the Owenks are hunters in the mountains.
As history evolved, some of them moved out of the mountain forests to the grasslands and valley plains, while others remained in the mountain forests.
The term “Owenk” reflects the ancient history and life of the Owenks, which are closely linked to the mountain forest.
The language and culture of the Ownk people are unique and belong to the Tungusian language of the Altai language, the northern language.
In daily life, the majority of the Awnk people speak their own language and do not have their own language.
Most of the Ovink herdsmen use Mongolian, while the farmers use Manwan extensively.
The The clan organization of the O'Winke is called “Hara”. The same people in Hara are related by blood, with common ancestors and family names. Ownk people usually name their clan by river name, mountain name, human name or place of residence, and therefore every Hara has a fixed name and their clan name has a certain meaning. For example, “Dural” (persons living by the river), “Duke Winter” (persons living under the bald mountain), “Nahata” (persons living on the south slope of the mountain). People of the same clan have a common ancestral god, known as a “savage” or an “Observant”. Intermarriage between members of clans is strictly prohibited. During the civil period, many clans in the mountainous and agricultural areas were able to simplify their surnames because of the effects of the civil registration system and Han culture. For example, the "Durar" clan is known as Du, the "Duketow" clan is known as coating or wearing, and the "Nahata" clan is named like that. Each clan has its own leader, known as “Harada”. Harada emerged through democratic elections for clan members, with no uniform terms of office. Had Harada acted unjustly, he could have been dismissed by the clan assembly。harada has the right to convene clan members at designated locations to discuss and address important matters within clans. at the same time, harada has the power to deal with disputes within clans and to punish those who violate customary clan law. there are still tribes above the orwein croat clans. as a result, the qing dynasty owinks can be divided into several tribes. the council of tribal elders, composed of clan chiefs from the same tribe, elects tribal chiefs. the orenk tribes are also named after names of names, river names and mountains. for example, the oren tribe is the orenks living in the arun river basin, consisting of the three clans, durar, duque winter, nahatha; and the "escales" are the orinks living in the ganni river, with the three main clans, the "duke winter", "nahta", and "kartakier". as a result of factors such as migration and population reproduction, the ethnic group of the owenks has divided into several large families, which the owinke language refers to as “crashes”. “foot” is a patrilineal community based on communal ownership, usually composed of descendants of the same patrilineal ancestor within ten generations. there is no permanent residence in the forest for the wenchmen of the okwe, who are their traditional inhabitants. the o'winke language, called the "george plumb", is like the "silent plumbs" of the orencun ethnic group, which is about 3 metres tall, about 4 metres in diameter, a conical building, which is in fact a round-shaped shelter with a pine pole, and a very simple tent. the shades of “roast” vary from season to season, with the skins used in the summer to the skins of the trees and in the winter to the skins of the deer. even though they have no fixed residence, the ownks have fixed buildings, which are their warehouses. their warehouses were extraordinary: first, they cut off two trees from the nearby tree and used it as a pole, then they set them up with wooden plumes into an open warehouse, and they set up a pillar of wood with steps. food, prey, clothing, utensils, etc. are stored in warehouses, where they are never locked, and other hunters are given free access and returned as soon as possible. the main house in the pastoral area is “mongol package”, round form. the summer is covered with reeds, willows or gills. in the winter, the poor are still covered with reeds, while the rich are covered with gills. the poor people in the mountains live in small, humid “stamps”. the traditional garments of the o'winke people are made of leather. the winter robes, pants, pants, boots, hats, gloves, socks, etc. are made from skins, skins, deer skins, sheep skins, etc. women ' s robes are mainly made of cloth, and in the countryside they are lined with a long, short shoulder. the women of the ouluguyao wink ethnic group wear dress with large collars and white, black and red collars. front pair. in the winter and summer, chen balhu, a wink woman, wore a dress with a narrow upper and broad lower skirt. married women's sleeves are sewn with an inch-wide colour cloth around their sleeves, and they wear a tan-coloured shoulder. the man's hat is conical. the top is red, mostly blue clothed, with single hats in the summer, made of lamb, otter or pelt。the o'winke leather gloves are very varied, of which five finger gloves have beautiful sutures, very sophisticated. boots made of gills, leg skins, beauty, damp, light, grindy, suitable for walking in the snow of the mountains. the olympians, who live in the raw forest of the northern highlight, eat exclusively meat as the staple food for their daily lives, and eat honda meat, deer meat, bear meat, boar meat, rooster meat and flamingo, pheasant, rooster, fish, etc., in a slightly different way than the pastoral areas, of which the liver and kidneys of handall, deer, and the rest are cooked. the ouenk ethnic group in the pure livestock production zone, where milk, meat and pasta are the staple foods, is not allowed to leave milk tea for three meals a day, not only for tea but also for milk and milk products. the main dairy products are: rare cream, butter, slag, milk and skin. the most common way to eat is to clothe extracted butter on bread or snacks. the traditional utensils of the winks of the occidental are unique, with cups, chopsticks, antlers, acoustics, acoustics, sewn sacks of deer skin, lumbers, leather bowls, dishes, etc. the use of ceramics, aluminium, iron and plastics is now widespread. while eating from the olympians, the whole family sits around the fire, hangs an iron pan on the triangle, cuts the fished moose or other prey into meat and puts it in a boiling pot. the flesh of the beasts is covered in blood, half-baked. it is considered not only nutritious but also easy to absorb. the remaining large amounts of animal meat, which the ogwinks dry into dry and meat bars, store and eat slowly, and when they go out hunting, they are used as dry food in deer bags. the meat is dominated by cattle and sheep. in the past, an average of 20 sheep and two cows per household were consumed each year. the winter was preceded by a season of large-scale slaughtering of cattle by the orwein croats. the way to eat meat is by hand graft, blood intestines, porridge and barbecue. the fish is used to clear the stew, with only wild onions and salt, and the soup taste. the orwinks rarely eat vegetables and collect only onions, make pickles and serve as snacks. since the early 1950s, the staple foods have been replaced by pasta, such as noodles, pancakes, buns, etc. the beverage is dominated by milk tea and is filled with butter and slag in accordance with personal taste. in addition, pasta and meat tea are used. the method of making this is to filtrate the tea (generally with brick) and then put a small amount of fried rice and salt into the milk, in the appropriate amount, and then boil it into milk tea. butter and slag are added to the drink according to the taste of the individual. in addition, a cup of tea is used, as well as a cup of tea, which is about to be made of rice, which is then added to the milk tea, which is a piece of meat cut into pieces. i'm sorry