The dietary customs of the Buyi people
The Buyi people are hospitable, enthusiastic, generous and sincere. Anyone who comes to the shanzhai, relatives, friends, old friends, and strangers will treat each other with wine. Buyi people are very polite and do not welcome guests who are full of foul language and rude. Let's take a look at the eating customs of the Buyi people?
The main food of the Buyi people mainly live in the area of Guizhou Province in southwestern China. The rest are scattered in Yunnan, Sichuan, Guangxi and other provinces. It is mainly agriculture and has a long history of growing rice. Buyi people have two meals a day in their spare time and three meals in their busy time. Rice and corn are the staple foods, and people like to use a special cooker "rice dumplings" to steam rice. The Buyi people generally like to eat glutinous rice and are often used as a staple food to improve their lives or adjust their tastes. Among them, glutinous rice balls, flower rice and sesame oil cake made from glutinous rice are the most well-known and are mostly used to worship ancestors or entertain guests.
Cold dishes,"moss frozen meat","mixed pea jelly", etc. are the favorite foods of Buyi people. Pickled cabbage and sour soup are essential for almost every meal, especially women. Most Buyi people are good at making pickles, cured meats and fermented beans. The unique folk pickle "hydrochloric acid" is famous at home and abroad. There are also blood tofu, sausages and flavored dishes processed with dried and fresh bamboo shoots and various insects. He is also good at preparing spicy rice, spicy noodles and kimchi, with the fragrance, fresh, sour and spicy as the beauty.
Among the meat dishes, dog meat, dog enema and beef soup pot are served. (Some branches of the Buyi people do not eat dog meat because dogs once saved their ancestors). Buyi people are fond of dog meat, and there is a saying that "fat sheep are not worth a thin dog." When VIPs come to visit their homes, killing dogs is a high courtesy. Their standard for selecting dogs is "yellow head, two black heads and three flowers, and white dog meat tastes the most bland." Roasted and stewed dog meat, dog enema, and Huajiang dog meat are all well-known. When the Buyi people in Guizhou receive weddings and funerals, they like to use scalpers as food.
In the Panjiang River Basin, many Buyi villages like to cook blood circulation when killing New Year pigs, which is called "Geng Le Da" in Buyi. Its preparation method: Chop pig's chest bones, spleen and lean meat, add garlic, ginger, spicy food, sauce, wine, pepper, amomum villosum and other seasonings in the pan, fry and mix them with soup, cook, spoon them in a large jar bowl or enamel basin, then pour the pig's blood into the broth and stir, let it solidify for a while, and you can eat. The taste is delicious and unique, and it is full of nutritional value.
Pickled bacon Pickled bacon is a specialty food of the Buyi people. Every year, every household has to pickle bacon when the New Year pigs are killed during the New Year. The main raw material of bacon is pork. When killing New Year pigs, add the pork cut into large pieces with a proper amount of salt, star anise powder, tsaoko powder, fragrant spring seed powder, fennel seed powder, etc., mix well together, and rub it hard., marinate for ten and a half days before taking it out, place it in a tiled house with cypress and citrus bagasse to ignite a pile of slow fire and bake it slowly. When eating, brown the skin with flame, clean it and cut it into thin slices. Blanch it with boiling water for a while, remove and drain it for later use. Cut the dried peppers into sections, shred ginger into strips, and cut garlic leaves into sections. Take appropriate amount of each. Use a little oil to fry the dried peppers to yellow, then add shredded ginger and meat slices in turn. Add garlic leaves and monosodium glutamate when you are about to start the pan. After frying, you can eat. This vegetable dish is oily but not greasy, and has a delicious aroma.
In addition to their own livestock and poultry, their meat also likes to prey on squirrels, bamboo rats and bamboo insects. Most of the cooking methods are roasting, boiling, frying, marinating, and freezing. Generally, they do not eat raw food.
Girl Tea There is a kind of tea in the Buyi area that not only has a unique taste, but also has a very nice name. This is Girl Tea. On the eve of Qingming Festival (a traditional China sacrifice and grave-sweeping festival), the girl went up the mountain to pick up the tender taste of the tea. After frying, it maintained a certain humidity. Then she stacked the tea leaves one by one into cones, dried them in the sun, and then processed them to make rolls of cone girl tea. Girl tea is not only beautiful in shape, but also of excellent quality. It is a high-quality tea. This tea is only given to relatives and friends. When dating or engaged, the girl gives it to the lover. Girl tea, girl picks it, girl makes it. This is the origin of the name girl tea. Welcome wine plays an important role in the daily life of the Buyi people. After the autumn harvest every year, every household brewed a large amount of rice wine and stored it for consumption all year round. Some rice wine is brewed by blending wild quinoa fruits. It is rich in nutrients and is used to entertain distinguished guests. The brewing technology of quinoa wine has a history of hundreds of years. The Buyi people like to treat guests with wine. No matter how much tourists drink, as long as they arrive, wine comes first. It is called "Welcome Wine". When drinking, use bowls instead of cups, and perform orders, guess punches, and sing.
The Buyi people place great emphasis on etiquette and hospitality. When dignitaries arrive, they must receive six wine gifts, including "entrance wine,""Jiaobi wine,""Gedang wine,""Zhuanjiu wine,""Thousand Cup of wine" and "Sending off wine." If pork is offered, it is to wish the guests a good harvest in the coming year; if chicken is offered, the chicken head will be given to the first guest to symbolize good luck, the chicken wings will be given to the second guest to symbolize soaring, and the chicken legs will be given to the three guests, meaning down-to-earth. "Toast Song" and "Late Night Song" were also sung at the banquet. The former was a strong encouragement to drink, while the latter wanted to sing all the items and food on the table to show their mind and talent.
Some festivals are similar to those of the Han nationality, while some are exclusive to the ethnic group, such as "New Year"(the last day of the first month), March 3 (the Earth Silkworm Festival), April 8 (the Ox King Festival), June 6 (a sacrifice to Pangu), Eating New Festival, etc. Among them,"raw food" is cooked on the ninth day of the first month,"sesame oil dough harrow" is eaten on the 30th day of the first month,"corn flowers" are eaten on the 3rd of March,"four-color glutinous rice" is eaten on the 8th of April, and "boiled chicken" is eaten on the 6th of June, etc., most of which are related to ethnic legends and rural education.