[Li Liangpin/Peng Furong] Types, protection and inheritance of intangible cultural heritage in ethnic areas in the Wujiang River Basin

[Abstract] Intangible cultural heritage refers to various traditional cultural expressions and cultural spaces that have been passed down from generation to generation by people of all ethnic groups and are closely related to people's lives.

The ethnic areas in the Wujiang River Basin have a long history and profound cultural heritage.

The types of intangible cultural heritage are very rich, mainly including folk literature, folk music, folk dance, folk drama, folk arts and crafts, folk arts, folk festivals and ethnic costumes.

The following measures can be taken to protect intangible cultural heritage in ethnic areas in the Wujiang River Basin: first, reach a consensus and protect it by all; second, establish a special institution to protect intangible cultural heritage; third, find out the family background and formulate a protection plan; fourth, formulate local Regulations on the protection of ethnic and folk culture; fifth, declare the list of intangible cultural heritage; sixth, solidify intangible cultural heritage; seventh, protect the intellectual property rights of intangible cultural heritage; eighth, protect endangered arts and artists.

In order to truly inherit the intangible cultural heritage in the region, we must first establish a professional inheritor system of intangible cultural heritage; secondly, we must improve the status of folk artists and cultural people; and finally, we must incorporate intangible culture into the teaching content.

Studying the intangible cultural heritage of the region can not only effectively protect and inherit these intangible cultural heritage, but also allow more people to use the unique intangible cultural resources of the Wujiang River Basin to develop the local economy.

4.

Folk drama.

Folk drama originates from daily life, marriage and love, folk customs, ethnic and religious culture, etc.

It is a microcosm of the high concentration of living customs of people of all ethnic groups for thousands of years.

It presents the most representative chapter of national life through dynamic, exaggerated, and singing and dancing forms.

It is a typical reflection of the unique culture of all ethnic groups in the Wujiang River Basin.

Representative form.

Specifically, among the colorful ethnic and folk dramas in this basin, the most representative ones are the following: First, Nuo opera.

Nuo opera by ethnic minorities in the Wujiang River Basin was brought by immigrants from the Central Plains, Jiangnan, Huguang, Sichuan and other places through the past dynasties.

It is mainly popular among the Tujia, Gelao, Buyi, Dong, Yi and other ethnic groups in the middle and upper reaches of the Wujiang River.

It is an ancient form of drama in China and is known as the "living fossil of Chinese drama." The second is local drama.

Di opera is a drama with the nature of ancient military Nuo.

It is mainly popular among the Buyi and Tunpu people in Anshun in the upper reaches of Wujiang River, southwestern Guizhou and Huaxi in Guiyang.

The third is Buyi opera.

The unique Buyi opera is a form of drama created, compiled and performed by the Buyi people in southwestern Guizhou, and has a history of hundreds of years.

This kind of opera is also called local opera.

Depending on the region, it has names such as "Bandan Opera","Buyi Cadiao", and "Bayin Sitting and Playing Opera".

(Lu Hong, 2005) First, form a consensus and protect it by all.

Folk culture is characterized by being scattered in society and hidden among the people.

Therefore, in addition to the hard work of the vast number of experts and scholars, it is also necessary to rely on the participation of governments at all levels, cultural departments and people from all walks of life to gradually form a social consensus of "caring for folk culture, calling for national sentiments, and revitalizing the national spirit" to arouse the power of folk inheritance culture, thereby igniting the continuation of the nation's roots.

(Luo Yang, 2004) The cultural departments, publicity systems, and educational institutions of all districts and counties in the Wujiang River Basin ethnic areas must use various forms to let every member of the ethnic minority understand that they are both the owner and protector of intangible cultural heritage.

They should also be inheritors and have the responsibility and obligation to protect various cultural events of their own nation.

Only when all people have a sense of cultural consciousness can the intangible cultural heritage of ethnic areas in the Wujiang River Basin be truly protected.

Eighth, protect endangered art species and artists.

In the current process of implementing the protection of folk culture, special attention should be paid to those who have "unique skills" among the people.

For example, famous folk craftsmen, veteran artists, singers, musicians, dancers, storytellers, etc.

are all important inheritors in a certain area and are old.

Their departure will always take away their "unique skills".

In a sense, these people are "endangered cultures." For these people, first, we must "rescue", that is, rescue their "unique skills" from their hands, mouths and minds; second, we must protect them, that is, the government must pay attention to their lives and provide certain aspects.

Take care of them; third, we must inherit them, and create conditions to enable their "unique skills" to be passed down and have successors, and pay attention to the cultivation of inheritors.

Protecting old artists means protecting endangered art species.

We must not let the "unique skills" of these artists become "unique".