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For rheumatic fever, prevention is the first priority. Because rheumatic fever is a polygenic genetic disease, the risk of the patient's first-degree relatives, i.e. siblings and children, is 10%~20%, exceeding the high risk rate of 10% in medical genetics. Because rheumatic fever is easy to occur in children and adolescents, and easy to develop into rheumatic heart valve disease, so there is a family history of rheumatic fever, especially attention should be paid to: improve labor and living conditions, the room should have good ventilation, avoid cold and humidity, cold and warm, prevent upper respiratory tract infection; acute infections caused by streptococci, such as acute tonsillitis, acute pharyngitis, etc.; should be given thorough treatment; strengthen physical exercise at appropriate times to improve physical health and resistance.

Rheumatic fever prevention, the key lies in the control and prevention of streptococcal infection, that is, the prevention of initial and recurrent prevention. Prophylactic medication may be used when streptococcal infection is prevalent or in endemic areas. Generally, people who have already developed rheumatic fever are prevented. The recurrence rate of the disease is about 60%. Repeated deterioration of small B lesions can lead to death. Recurrence is usually caused by streptococcal reinfection, and most occur within one year after the initial onset. Therefore, streptococcal reinfection must be prevented. Among antibiotics, penicillin is a fungicide for streptococci and does not develop drug resistance. It has always been the drug of choice to prevent rheumatic fever. 600,000 units of Changgan penicillin for children and 1.2 million units for adults are injected intramuscularly once every 3 weeks. In the past, the method of injecting once every 4 weeks was advocated, but the interval was too long and was not enough to maintain effective blood drug concentrations, and prevention sometimes failed. For those allergic to penicillin, take erythromycin 0.25 grams orally twice a day; or sulfadiazine 0.5 grams orally twice a day. During application, white blood cells should be closely observed to prevent leukopenia. As for how long it takes to prevent it, it should be determined based on the patient's age, the susceptibility to streptococci, the number of episodes of rheumatic fever, and whether there is any residual valve disease. For young patients, with highly susceptible factors, repeated recurrence of rheumatic fever, and valvular disease, the preventive medication time should be extended as long as possible, or even used for life. However, for those with only arthritis, or rheumatic fever without recurrence after long-term observation, or no valvular disease left behind, the prevention time can be shortened. Prevention for childhood patients until at least 18 years of age. Adult disease At, 3-no less than 5 years.

Some rheumatic fever experts in the United States have been developing vaccines for rheumatic fever since the 1980s, but they are still in the experimental stage. Local lesions such as chronic tonsillitis or pharyngolaryngitis should be actively treated. If the above medication treatment is still ineffective, you can add medication to the throat, physical therapy and other methods. Consider surgery to remove the tonsils if necessary.