A complete list of Russian museums and attractions

When traveling to a place, you must visit the local museum. It is a treasure place where culture is gathered and allows visitors to learn more through time and space. Today, the editor of World Customs Network will take you to see what museum attractions and introductions there are in Russia.

Russian Museum

The Russian Museum, formerly known as the "Mikhailov Palace", is a famous Russian and world-renowned historical museum. Founded in 1895 and opened to the public in 1898. There is a collection of many valuable Russian art. The main collections include: ancient icons, oil paintings, a complete collection of works by Russian sculptors and sketchmakers, and decorative and practical art. It is famous for its watercolor paintings, carvings, practical art and folk art. Many cultural relics from the Winter Palace are displayed here.

The museum's collection is mainly composed of collections from the Mikhailov Palace and the tsar's suburban palace, as well as practical art works by the Petersburg dignitaries-the Yusupov, Shuvalov and Sheremetyev families. The museum holds many objects from the family of Peter I to Tsar Nicholas II.

The most abundant practical art collection is porcelain, accounting for about 2/3 of the museum's total collection. It includes representative works from all stages of the development of Russian porcelain from the time of Vinogradov. The collection of Vinogradov porcelain here is still the richest in the world to this day. These porcelain is mainly provided by Duke Nikolaevich Romanov. The museum's collection also includes cutlery from Elizabeth Petrovna to Tsar Nicholas II.

The museum has a complete collection of Russian art glass works and has a high level. For example, there are excellent works from the 18th century, objects that once belonged to Peter I, Anna Ioannovna, Catherine II and other Russian rulers, as well as excellent collections created for the Great Patriotic War of 1812.

The most valuable art fabrics are shawls, silk scarves knitted with gold thread, religious costumes and Petersburg tapestry, the most famous of which is the "Battle of Poltava" tapestry. The furniture section collects mainly the furniture and decoration styles of the Whitehall and other halls of the Mikhailov Palace. On display here are furniture from various periods starting from the Petrov period. The furniture is made according to the designs of outstanding designers such as Ka I Rossi, Wa Bi Stasov and Ann I Stakenschneider. There are statues of Pushkin, Marx and Engels on the square.

Hermitage Museum is also translated as Hermitage Museum. It is an outstanding example of Russian Baroque architecture in the mid-18th century. Hermitage, together with the British Museum in London, the Louvre in Paris, and the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York, is known as the world's four major museums. The museum was originally the private museum of Queen Catherine II and is located on the Palace Square of St. Petersburg. It mainly consists of six main buildings: the Winter Palace, Little Hermitage, Old Hermitage, Hermitage Theater, Winter Palace Reserve, New Hermitage, and East Annex Building of the General Staff Headquarters, Menshkov Palace and storage warehouse, with a total area of more than 1.3 million square meters.

Yekaterina II purchased 250 paintings by Rembrandt, Rubens and others from Berlin and stored them in the Hermitage (French, meaning "Hidden Palace") in the Winter Palace, from which the museum got its name. In order to demonstrate her power, during her 34 years of her reign (1762-1796), Catherine II continuously purchased and collected a large number of various types of art, including 16,000 coins and commemorative medals. In her first ten years in office, she purchased about 2000 paintings.

The 38,000 books in her library reflect her serious reading career-she read Voltaire and Rousseau, and maintained correspondence with Voltaire for many years until the latter's death in 1778. Caitlin later purchased his 7000-volume library. As the collection increased, the Little Hermitage and the Big Hermitage were built from 1764 to 1789. The museum now occupies five buildings and houses 2.7 million works of art from ancient times to the present, including 15,000 paintings, 12,000 sculptures, 600,000 line paintings, more than 1 million coins, medals and medals, and 224,000 pieces of applied art.

Over the past 250 years, it has collected nearly 3 million pieces of world cultural and artistic treasures from the Stone Age to contemporary times, making it one of the largest museums in the world. There are 9 departments in the museum, including the Department of Western European Art, the Department of Ancient Greek Art, the Department of Russian Culture and History, and the Department of Clock and Musical Instrument Restoration. There are a total of 1000 exhibition halls, 350 of which are open to the public. According to statistics from relevant departments, the museum had 1893292 exhibits on that day. If the time to visit each exhibit is only 30 seconds, it will take tourists 7 years to visit all the exhibits.

In addition to the exhibitions at its headquarters, the Hermitage Museum also holds quite a number of exhibitions abroad every year and actively opens its own branches in different countries, continuously enhancing its international influence and popularity.

Kremlin Museum The Kremlin is located in the center of Moscow, the capital of Russia. It is a symbol of the Russian state, one of the largest architectural complexes in the world, and a treasure house of historical treasures, cultural and artistic monuments. It is one of the world's cultural heritage sites. It is on the Borovitsky Hill, bordering the Moscow River in the south, Alexandrovsky Garden in the northwest, and Red Square in the southeast, forming a triangle. The wall that remains to this day is 2235 meters long, 6 meters thick, and 14 meters high. There are 18 towers on the wall, which are scattered on the triangular palace wall. The most spectacular and famous of them is the Savior Tower with the ringing bell. The five largest city gate towers and arrow towers are equipped with ruby five-pointed stars, which is what people call the Kremlin Red Star.

There are four beautifully built churches in the Kremlin: the Church of the Twelve Ambassadors, the Church of the Assumption of the Virgin Mary, the Church of the Annunciation and the Church of St. Michael. Built in the 15th and 16th centuries respectively, they are masterpieces by Russian and Italian architects who blended the Italian Renaissance style with the spirit of the Russian Orthodox Church. The Church of the Assumption of the Virgin Mary is majestic and has always been the place where the Russian Emperor held his coronation ceremony. The church is full of murals painted with Bible stories, hangs gods framed in gold, and is dotted with fine inlaid wall decorations. Looking up, it is dazzling. The Church of the Annunciation is the place where the Tsar was baptized and married. It has nine golden domes and is extremely charming. St. Michael's Church was the cemetery of Moscow emperors before Peter the Great. During the Napoleon invasion in 1812, these churches were damaged, and the Church of the Holy Mary of the Sabbath was even used as a horse corridor. After many vicissitudes, it has been restored several times, but it is still splendid today.

Soprnaya Square is located in the center of the Kremlin, surrounded by historical, artistic and monumental buildings. In the center is the Bell Tower of Ivan the Great, 81 meters high and was once the tallest building in Moscow. Not far from the Bell Tower, the "Cannon King" and "Bell King" are displayed in the park square, which are said to be the world's largest iron cannon fire. The Cannon King was cast in 1586 AD. The gun body is much larger than ordinary guns, weighing 40 tons, and the muzzle diameter is 0.92 meters. There are four stacked shells on display in front of the gun, each weighing two tons. There are exquisite embossed on the gun frame. I have never used it because it is too heavy. The bell king is 5.87 meters high, 5.9 meters in diameter and weighs about 200 tons. It was cast on November 20, 1735 and has a history of more than 260 years. The piece that fell alone weighed 11.5 tons. Exquisite statues and drawings are cast on the bell wall.

The north corner of the Kremlin has an ancient weapons factory, which is now a weapons exhibition hall; the south corner is an ancient weapons museum, which is now a weapons museum.

Among the Kremlin, the Council of Ministers of the former Soviet Union, the Supreme Presidium of the former Soviet Union, the Kremlin Conference Hall and the Greater Kremlin are the most important. The Council of Ministers of the former Soviet Union has a triangular plan with a huge green dome and was built on a tall pedestal. Inside the Kremlin wall, a beautiful building with three rows of high windows facing the Moscow River is the Great Kremlin. It is formed by connecting the ancient Andrevsky Hall and Aleksandowski Hall. The Gem Hall is unique in its exquisite decoration, with many ornate embossed spiral columns erected on the walls. On the west side of the palace is a series of chic rooms and winter gardens, with more than 600 rooms with their own characteristics.

In the Treasures Museum in the Kremlin, hundreds of millions of precious art and crafts accumulated by successive tsars are collected, such as jewel-encrusted crowns, statues, crosses, armor, dresses and tableware. These art treasures used to be privately owned by successive tsars for a long time and were only opened to the public after the October Revolution.

The Russian State History Museum is located between Red Square and Manege Square in the capital of Moscow. It was built in 1872 and officially opened in 1883. It is the museum with the richest collection of historical relics in Russia. Since its official opening, the museum has never been closed for any reason. Even during the siege of Moscow by German troops in World War II, it continued to open. Therefore, it can be said that this museum is not only a reflection of Russian history, but also one of the largest scientific education institutions in the country.

The Russian National Museum of History has a very rich collection. There are currently 48 exhibition halls, collecting and arranging various displays in chronological order. As of 1996, the museum had more than 4.2 million cultural relics and 68 million pages of documents in its collection. It can be said to be a treasure warehouse for the entire Russian culture and art treasures. A large number of cultural relics are collected, and the long-standing Russian history, culture and craftsmanship are systematically listed. A special academic research institution has also been established to publish papers and books related to museum collections, striving to preserve and promote Russian culture.

Central Air Force Museum The Central Air Force Museum is located 40 kilometers east of Moscow, Russia. It opened to the public in 1958. It is one of the largest flight museums in the world. It covers an area of 20 hectares, including the airport, and is the museum with the largest collection of Russian aircraft. The aircraft types displayed in the Central Air Force Museum are arranged according to the name of the Design Bureau, and the objects in the exhibition hall are arranged in chronological order. Currently, the museum displays a total of 173 Russian-made aircraft and 127 Russian-made engines since the former Soviet era. It also displays relevant Air Force weapons, aerospace instruments, Air Force personnel uniforms/costumes, art, and other aerospace related items and documents. There is also a library in the museum that displays books, films, photos and other related cultural relics related to Soviet aerospace. The museum also provides retired pilots as tour guides in the museum. It should be noted that the museum is closed on Wednesdays and Sundays, and there is a small fee for taking photos or video recording.

The Central Army Museum of Russia, also known as the Soviet Red Army Museum, is located in the northern part of downtown Moscow, near the Red Army Theater. A tank and a cannon are placed on both sides in front of the main entrance of the museum. People passing by here will know that this is a military museum.

In history, the Soviet Republic and the Red Army first demonstrated their military strength to the outside world in 1919. Lenin participated in the opening ceremony and was held in what is now the State Department Store in Moscow. Subsequently, a massive military parade was held on Red Square. As the Russian Central Army Museum continues to grow and develop, the museum collects more and more important military relics from the Soviet period and records past military history. There are currently more than 700,000 exhibits, the most important of which is the exhibit in Exhibition Hall 25.

The most precious exhibitions in the museum are exhibits dedicated to the Soviet-German War, including the Victory Flag, the battle flag used on the battlefield ahead, and the Victory Flag that captured the Nazis in 1945. The museum also displays flags, weapons, materials, pictures and medals from the Russian Civil War period. In addition, there is also a museum that specializes in introducing the modern development of the Soviet Red Army after the Great Patriotic War and the modern development of the Soviet Red Army, the Cold War period, etc. It is a museum for a comprehensive understanding of the history and strength of the Russian Army.

Russian State Arctic and Antarctic Museum The Russian State Arctic and Antarctic Museum is located in St. Petersburg. It was established in 1930 and opened in 1937. It is the only museum in Russia and the largest in the world with the theme of polar exploration. It is very popular among polar enthusiasts and explorers.

The museum has a collection of 75000 pieces and the exhibition has three parts: The natural environment of the Arctic, the research and development history of the North Sea Route, and Antarctica. The natural environment of the Arctic tells the harsh environment of the Arctic region and the residents living in the Arctic. The research and development history of the North Sea Route tells the legendary stories of explorers and the history of polar navigation. Wait, you can see naughty and lovely penguins in the Antarctic exhibition area, and learn about the history of our planet through the ice hearts brought back from the Antarctic Dome. In the museum, you can also enjoy aircraft used for polar expeditions, portraits of girls in Ikesmo, snow "tanks" marching towards the polar regions, statues of people who developed and established meritorious deeds in the Arctic and Antarctic regions, skis, winter clothing, icebreakers, etc. In addition, you can also see specimens and photos of many polar animals, such as white pigeons, polar bears, penguins, falcons, etc. The Russian State Museum of the Arctic and Antarctic is open to the public from 10:00 to 18:00 from Wednesday to Saturday, and from 10:00 to 17:00 on Sundays. It is closed on Monday, Tuesday and the last Friday of each month.

网站图片位

Anthropology Ethnology Museum Anthropology Ethnology Museum is located opposite the University Riverside Road and Winter Palace in St. Petersburg, Russia. It was built in 1727 by the order of Peter the Great and is the earliest museum in Russia. Currently, the museum houses 2 million works and extensively collects anthropological and ethnographic materials from four continents of the world. It is one of the best places for the world to understand anthropology and ethnography.

Over the years, the Museum of Anthropology and Ethnology has been committed to preserving and studying treasures of nature and human society, providing valuable materials for human research in ethnology and anthropology. It is said that Peter the Great had a great interest in human forms. He invested huge sums of money to collect human specimens such as giants and deformed children, leaving precious wealth for future generations. Of course, if your heart is not particularly good, don't visit the exhibitions here.

State Tretyakov Art Museum The State Tretyakov Art Museum is one of the most complete collections of fine Russian paintings in the world. At first, the Tretyakov Art Museum was just a private collection of Tretyakov, a wealthy Russian businessman who loved art, loved painting collections, and was happy to subsidize artists for artistic creations. In 1856, he used his private possession to create a gallery to share his sense of art with the public, and donated it to the municipal authorities in 1892.

At that time, Tretyakov donated about 1800 pieces of collections. After its establishment, the art museum has successively collected many classic paintings, ranging from ancient art works such as Russian icon paintings to outstanding modern art works, with a collection of 130,000 pieces. After the October Revolution, it became the National Art Museum, and paintings from the former Soviet Union continued to increase. There are two museums, the old and the new. The old museum mainly displays art works from the early 20th century, while the new museum, which opened in 1998, mainly displays art works from 1910.

Alexander Sergeyevich Pushkin (1799-1837) was a great Russian poet and founder of modern literature.The Pushkin Former Residence Museum is located on the famous Arbat Street in Moscow. Pushkin, who was newly married from February to May in 1831, lived in this light blue two-story building. The bronze medal at the door is engraved with the words "Alexander Sergeyevich Pushkin lived here from early February to mid-May 1831." On the windowsill next to the bronze medal, someone often presents a bouquet of flowers.

The museum opened in February 1986, and its interior decoration was restored according to 1930s designs. To enter the former residence museum, you must first put on felt slippers to protect cultural relics. The first floor of the former residence museum holds an exhibition entitled "Pushkin and Moscow" all year round. A large number of paintings, portraits, maps, manuscripts, books and other exhibits introduce in detail Moscow during the Pushkin era, Pushkin's activities in Moscow, as well as his relatives and friends. Climb up the second floor from a wooden staircase to the place where Pushkin lived. There are some portraits hanging on the wall and some manuscripts, pictures, etc. are displayed; there are also individual pieces of furniture, such as the desk used by Pushkin and the dressing table used by Mrs. Pushkin, which are original objects moved from elsewhere.

Pushkin Museum of Plastic Arts Pushkin Museum of Plastic Arts is located in Moscow. It is the second museum in Russia for collecting foreign art works and the largest European art museum in Moscow. Construction began in 1898 and was completed in 1912. In 1937, it was renamed the Pushkin Museum of Plastic Arts to commemorate the centenary of the death of the Russian poet Pushkin.

The front of the museum building is classic-style, with six columns and surrounded by colonnades. The Pushkin Museum of Plastic Arts holds more than 640,000 pieces and is one of the largest museums displaying world art in Russia. Among them, there are about 3000 paintings, 350,000 prints and sketches, more than 100,000 coins and commemorative medals, and thousands of handicrafts and sculptures. Among the collection, works by French Impressionists and ancient Egyptian art are particularly famous. In addition, the museum houses a large number of sculptures and moldings, unearthed cultural relics from ancient Egypt, ancient Greece and Rome, as well as authentic art from Western Europe and Russia.

The museum collects more than 3000 paintings including Byzantine icons, oil paintings by Botticelli, Rembrandt, Rubens and others, landscape paintings by the Barbizon School, and works by Impressionists and masters such as Van Gogh, Matisse, and Picasso.

Bulgakov Museum Bulgakov Museum, also known as "Bulgakov's Former Residence", is located in Moscow and was established in 2007. It is where Bulgakov lived in Moscow. It is also the only Bulgakov Museum in Russia, where he created the classic novel "The Master and Margaret."

Bulgakov and his first wife came to live here from 1921 to 1924, where he wrote his first novel, and then moved away. At present, visitors can view all aspects of his life here in the museum. They can visit the kitchen, bedroom, study and other rooms. They can view the tables, table lamps, various kitchen utensils, postcards, and many paintings that Bulgakov used when writing. Illustrations drawn by the painter for Bulgakov's works. Unfortunately, the Bulgakov Museum was destroyed by a madman in 2006, and most of the exhibits were destroyed, which is regrettable.

National Museum of Oriental Art The National Museum of Oriental Art is also a scientific institute. It is the only cultural institution in Russia that provides the most complete display of Central Asian, Caucasus, Transcaucasia, Kazakhstan, Buryatia, Far East, Middle East and African art. The museum collects mainly private collections of famous Russian collectors, collections transferred to the museum by Russian State foundations and various institutions.

There are paintings, sculptures, applied art and decorations from more than 100 countries around the world, as well as archaeological relics discovered by museum staff during scientific expeditions to the North Caucasus, Central Asia, Chukotka and other places. The museum also contains a wealth of art from Japan, China, Iran, India, Southeast Asia and Central Asian countries.

Talitz Museum Talitz Museum, also known as Lake Baikal Folk Museum, is located on the outskirts of Ulan-Ude, the capital of the Republic of Buryat on the east bank of Lake Baikal. It is located in a forest clearing and is a traditional open-air folk museum.

The Folk Museum is a highly valuable heritage of Russian national culture and was founded in 1969. It covers an area of 67 hectares and is in a nature reserve area. There are more than 40 buildings and 8000 exhibits in the museum, displaying the living facilities of many Eastern nomads: the skins of the Evenki people, birch-bark tents, the yurts of the Buryat poor people, the wooden huts of the ancient Buryat people in Russia, as well as straw huts, granaries, bathhouses, chicken coops, etc., are a true portrayal of the residence and life of Russians and Buryat people, and have a high degree of historical value and cultural value. These buildings and exhibits were once distributed throughout Irkutsk. In 1969, due to the construction of the Irkutsk Reservoir, they were relocated here in their entirety.

The most valuable building of the Talitz Museum is the 1667 Ilimsky Castle, which is tall and majestic. There is also a small Kazan chapel built in 1679 in the center of the square. Almost all the buildings here are made of original wood, simple and mellow. Go straight along the building complex and you will find that you have arrived at the bank of the Angara River. It is undulating and beautiful, and its vision is suddenly broadened.

Tsarizinno Nature Reserve Museum Tsarizinno Nature Reserve Museum is Russia's largest Gothic palace complex, located southeast of Moscow. In the 18th century, Russian tsar Catherine II was tired of Kalomsk Manor and ordered the construction of Tsarizino, hoping that a new palace would replace Kalomsk Manor as the royal family's summer residence. At that time, Tsarizino was also known as the "Queen's Village."

It took many years to build the Tsarizino complex. The most recent large-scale restoration was completed in 2007. On Moscow City Day that year, the manor held a grand unveiling ceremony. Putin attended the unveiling ceremony and praised the place. Tsarizinno covers an area of more than 100 hectares. It was listed as a Russian Nature Reserve Museum in 1984 and is open for free on the third Sunday of each month.

St. Petersburg Toy Museum St. Petersburg Toy Museum is a member of the Russian Museum Association. It was established in 1997 and is a non-state cultural institution, but owned by a private company. It is the second largest museum in Russia after the oldest art education museum in the town of Sergeyev near Moscow.

The St. Petersburg Toy Museum was established as an art museum. Its main mission is to collect, store, exhibit and study toys with unique art forms, rather than just treating toys as material culture. This includes toys from ancient Russian traditions. It also includes recent and latest popular modern toys with artistic characteristics. According to art critics 'comments on the St. Petersburg Toy Museum, the writer's toys were produced in art workshops and produced through different technical processes, including drafters, painters, sculptors, designers and builders, etc., and were formed in the past 20-25 years ago.

However, the St. Petersburg Toy Museum not only collects artistic toys from writers, but also collects folk toys and cloth toys from Russia and abroad, and the collection is constantly increasing. Not only did it attract children to visit, but it also attracted a large number of adults who love toy art.

Russian Matrika Museum The Russian Matrika Museum is located at No. 7 Leontyevsky Street in Moscow. It was originally a provincial and autonomous region handicraft museum. The current museum building is owned by the famous philanthropist, collector, and folk art enthusiast-Morozov purchased it in the early 20th century. The Matrika Museum officially opened in 2001.

At the Russian Matrika Museum, you can visit a variety of Matrika dolls and learn about their history. In addition to dolls, the museum can also buy other handicrafts. This museum is a favorite for children and is worth a visit!

Moscow Railway Museum The Moscow Railway Museum is located next to the Bavletts Railway Station in Moscow, Russia. The museum has not been open to the public in nearly two decades because its exhibits include Lenin's coffin carriage-which is not accessible to ordinary people. In the 1990s, the museum was acquired by a car exhibition hall and subsequently reopened in 2011, but only for private visitors; it was finally opened to the public in January 2012. Open hours are from Wednesday to Sunday: 10:00-19:00, and Monday and Tuesday are closed.

The Moscow Railway Museum belongs to the Lenin Tomb Museum series, retaining Lenin's steam locomotive U-127 and Lenin's coffin wagon No. 1691. However, the exhibits in the exhibition hall are very rich, including various objects from the establishment of the Russian railway to the present day, including models, art works, documents, photos, and uniforms. The U-127 locomotive is the only remaining U-type steam locomotive in Russia.

The Russian U-type steam locomotive is a four-axle hybrid steam locomotive. It was born in 1906. By 1916, a total of 62 units were manufactured at the Putilov factory (later renamed the Korov factory). A statistical catalog from early 1940 showed that there were still 47 locomotives on the list, with the last modified locomotive retiring in 1952. The U-127 was famous as Lenin's locomotive, so it was preserved. The U-127 was responsible for transporting Lenin's body back to Moscow for a funeral. Later, just like retaining Lenin's body, the U-127 not only did not dismantle it, but also remained in quite good condition.

Angarsk Watch Museum Angarsk is a small town in Siberia, Russia, about 50 kilometers away from Irkutsk and has a population of only more than 100,000. However, it is world-renowned for having a watch museum. Walking into the Angarsk Watch Museum and hearing the ticking of clocks, it was like entering the hall of a watch symphony concert. The museum displays more than 1500 watches and clocks unique in the world from the 17th century to the present. The most eye-catching ancient timepieces include date gauges, hourglasses and collards.

Here you can see the clock in the shape of a steam locomotive produced in France in the 18th century, and the pendulum clock made by the Russian watchmaker Bronnikov in the 19th century. The most peculiar thing about this pendulum clock is that all the components in the clock are made of wood and still travels accurately to this day. There are all kinds of clocks, wall clocks, pendulum clocks, chimes, pocket watches and watches displayed here, which is dizzying. In addition, these clocks have a variety of shapes, including palace type, tower type, gold-plated and silver-plated ones, and embedded gems. etc. In short, coming to this world of clocks will definitely make you miss going back and forth.

Through viewing, it is not difficult to see that the clocks from China, Japan, Switzerland, Poland, the Netherlands and Russia gathered here embody the efforts of generations of watchmakers, and their workmanship is amazing. When you see these displays, you will not only think: How much emotional investment these clocks have poured into and how much rich imagination the watchmaker has poured into. At the same time, you will also think of the owners who have used these clocks. Among the displays are the wall clock of the famous Russian writer Tolstoy, the clock of the famous Russian poet Lermontov, and the clock used by the Russian tsar and other dignitaries.