A list of traditional festivals of the She nationality

The She ethnic festivals mainly include the third month of the third month of the lunar calendar, the Dragon Festival in the fourth month of the lunar calendar, the seventh day of the seventh month, the beginning of autumn, the Mid-Autumn Festival, the Double Ninth Festival, and the Spring Festival. In addition, the 15th of February, 15th of July, and 15th of August of the lunar calendar every year are ancestral worshiping days for the She people. The following is a brief compilation of the World Customs Network for everyone's reference!

She People's New Year Festival is also called the Spring Festival. It is a traditional festival of the She people and the most solemn and lively festival of the She people. The She people attach great importance to the Spring Festival and have been preparing for the Spring Festival since the tenth month of the lunar calendar. They use glutinous rice to make wine, commonly known as "New Year Wine". The "rice wine" made from it is mellow and rich, sweet and delicious. The She people also cut hard firewood and burn ash to make blisters of japonica rice to make rice cakes and glutinous rice cakes. Eating glutinous rice cake is one of the characteristics of the She people celebrating the Spring Festival. Take its homophonic: I wish you good luck in the New Year, and the days will be sticky and sweet every year. The method of glutinous rice cake is to filter the glutinous rice soaked for one day and steam it in a wooden steamer. Pour into a stone mortar and mash it into small balls or cakes. There is such a poem circulating in She Township: "Glutinous rice is round and round, fragrant hemp mixed with sweet and sticky."

On New Year's Eve, she people generally stay up all night. They go from house to house at about twelve o 'clock to congratulate each other. In the middle of the night, incense sticks and firecrackers are lit to welcome the arrival of the New Year. At this time, every family of the She ethnic group had lunch, saying it was "every year old". The fire pond of every household is simmering with big firewood until the first day of the New Year, which is called the "fire of the next year". In some places, you need to make maci on New Year's Eve. Eat part of it, put the rest in the barn, and take it out after the Lantern Festival. It is said that it is "more than enough to eat."

On the first day of the first lunar month, when the rooster crowed for the first time, a man from a She ethnic family in the mountainous area ran out of his house, holding a bamboo corkboard, breaking two pieces of bamboo and connecting them together at one end), walked around the house, and beat them "croak" to express the expulsion of the god of plague and eliminate the disease. Housewives went to the well to fetch "new water", went home to cook noodles and make breakfast, and wished the whole family peace and longevity. On the first day of the New Year, some She people in mountainous areas like to cook with a little shredded sweet potatoes, which means that they will not forget to "save" during the New Year. The children ran to the bamboo garden to "shake the bamboo" and sang while shaking: "Shake the bamboo girl, shake the bamboo girl, you grow and I grow. You grow in the old year, let me grow in the new year, and next year you and I will grow as long as you." It is said that children shake bamboo on the first day, and then grow up quickly like bamboo shoots.

During the Spring Festival, She ethnic men rub straw sandals and do housework to show respect for women. The She girls are busy weaving colorful ribbons with colorful silk threads to give them to their lovers. Weaving ribbons is a must-learn craft for rural She women. When the little girl was five or six years old, she learned ribbons from her mother. Place the belt and warp threads beside the table and draw them with three small bamboo poles. Lift the harness in the middle, tie one end to your body, and hang the other end on the wall or tree. You can sit and weave. The weft thread is white yarn. Red, green, yellow, purple and other colors are used on both sides of the warp threads. White yarn is used inside the color threads, and black and white yarns are used in the middle to weave the pattern. The amount of the warp threads is determined by the required width.

Lift and press to weave characters and flowers. The thickness of the ribbon is a criterion for measuring whether a woman is skillful and skillful. The ribbons can be used as trouser belts, waistbands, apron belts, etc. Most of the gifts women give to friends and lovers are ribbons. There is a "Belt Song" in the She folk song: "A belt is spotted. I weave it myself along the silk thread fence and give it to you to tie it. When I see the belt, I see the girl calling herself)."

During the festival, the She people also hold recreational activities such as singing pairs,"size" playing, mountaineering competitions and swinging, which are full of festive joy. The biggest activity of the She ethnic group is anti-singing. No matter who came to the house, the whole village immediately burst into joy. If the Tathagata is a female guest, the men from the village will sing a duet; if the Tathagata is a male guest, the women from the village will sing a duet. The host first spoke the song, sang some polite words, and the guests continued the duet.

Some people met their opponents and sang for one night without deciding whether to win or lose, but sang for two or three consecutive nights. After singing the folk song, the host presents a red envelope to the guest, called a "hand salary". The amount of money depends on the amount and quality of the other party's song. If the visitors are pregnant women or women holding babies, they are not allowed to sing to each other.

She people love to "size", which is a traditional sports activity popular in She villages in eastern Fujian. The method of "size" is as follows: draw a circle with a diameter of about 2 meters on the event venue, stand in the circle, hold a 30 to 40 cm stick ("ruler") in his right hand, and hold a bamboo strip as long as chopsticks ("inch") in his left hand). People inside the circle use a "ruler" to hit the "inch" far away, and people outside the circle will run to pick it up. The bamboo strips that have not been caught can be picked up and thrown into the circle. The person holding the stick can receive the bamboo strips thrown over with his hand or hit them with his stick. If outsiders can catch the "inch", even if they win, the winner will replace the insiders.

Regarding the origin of "size", it is said that Lan Fenggao, the hero of the She nationality, led the She nationality uprising army to resist the Tang army in Changting, Fujian. He was outnumbered and retreated across the river. He broke the rear alone and bravely resisted the pursuers. In order to commemorate Lan Fenggao and inherit his superb martial arts and heroic spirit, the She nationality people passed down the activity of "size".

The eighth day of the first month, commonly known as the "Upper Tenth Day", is the day when the She people worship Zutu. On this day, men, women and children of the She ethnic group with the same surname gathered in the ancestral ancestral halls of various villages to pay homage to the ancestral map. Hosted by an elderly person with a higher surname, he led the singing of the She ethnic group's "Sacrifice Song", telling the Panhu legend of the origin and ancestors of the She ethnic group.

Zutu, also known as "Panhu Tu", is one of the main symbols of the She nationality's belief. The She people painted the legend about the ancestor Panhu on cloth and made about 40 comic-like images, which were passed down from generation to generation, called "Zutu". There is a beautiful She legend: In ancient times, Empress Gaoxin had earpain for three years. Later, she took out an insect from her ear. The insect looked like a silkworm, raised it in a plate, and later turned into a dragon dog.

Emperor Gao Xin was overjoyed when he saw this and named him Long Qi, known as Panhu. This is the origin of the Kirin totem. At that time, Quanrong invaded and the country was extremely dangerous. Emperor Gaoxin issued an edict seeking talents, telling the world that those who could behead the Fanwang of Quanrong could marry the third princess. Panhu unveiled the list and stood up to the enemy country. Taking advantage of the fact that the king was drunk, he bit off his head. Because Emperor Gaoxin did not intend to break the marriage, Panhu suddenly said: You put me in the golden bell for seven days and seven nights, and I became a person.

However, on the sixth day, the princess was afraid that something would happen to him in the golden bell, so she opened the golden bell. Panhu's body has changed, but its head has not changed. As a leader, he married a princess. The princess wore a phoenix crown and married him. Later, Panhu refused to be an official, so he took his wife and children to live in Fenghuang Mountain, Chaozhou Prefecture, Guangdong Province, where he started wasteland to farm and reproduce his descendants, forming the She nationality today. In order to record the extraordinary experience of King Panhu and praise his heroic achievements in killing the enemy and reproducing his descendants, the She people hold solemn sacrifices regularly every year.

The She people have a long-standing custom of worshiping their ancestors during the Spring Festival. In the 14th year of Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty, 1749), Yu Buxiong wrote "Haifeng County Annals", which records that the She people "provided portraits at home, with dogs 'heads and people wearing costumes, and sacrificed them at the end of the year"; see also Li Tang's "Fengshun County Annals", Volume 16. Customs records that the She people in the county "had a portrait that was left behind... It ended on the first day of the year, hung across the hall of the old house, and collected it early the next morning, so that no one would see it." After the memorial ceremony, the She people went to the memorial house to eat "Taigong rice". The hospitable memorial room prepares dishes and hot wine, and warmly welcomes guests from afar. Women and girls poured wine and rice for the guests, laughed and laughed, got along harmoniously, and had fun together. After the 15th Lantern Festival, the Spring Festival activities came to an end.

The She Nationality Family Festival is February 2. It is a grand traditional festival of the She nationality after the Spring Festival. Due to the proliferation of ethnic branches, the descendants of the She nationality are scattered throughout southern Zhejiang and eastern Fujian. They have a long way to visit relatives and have no time to visit relatives. They agreed to gather back to their ancestral land on the second day of the second lunar month before spring plowing every year to hold a family meeting, which is called the "Family Meeting Festival", which has a history of more than 200 years.

During the festival, triangular ethnic flags with white backgrounds and red borders and round umbrellas that look like ancient "canopies" are raised in front of the She family. Men and women of the She people in southern Zhejiang and eastern Fujian all dressed up and returned to their ancestral lands to visit relatives. A colorful building was set up in front of the township cultural center. It was crowded with people and bustling. A witty and interesting song competition was held here, with endless singing and laughter. At night, every household is brightly lit, songs are bright everywhere, gongs and drums ring through the sky, and firecrackers ring across the valley.

When the letter cannon, which was about to be used as a signal, was seen holding fish lanterns, rabbit lanterns, chicken lanterns, pig lanterns, longevity peach lanterns, lotus lanterns, harvest lanterns, peacock lanterns, etc., forming a long golden dragon. Walking through each Jincun, the valley salutes were fired and fireworks were in full bloom, making it extremely lively. The peaceful mountain village suddenly became a sea of joy. Compatriots of the She ethnic group living in Fuding hold temple fairs on Gulou Mountain on the second day of the second lunar month every year.

There are many traditional festivals of the She ethnic group on March 3, which are distinctive and unique. Among them, the "March 3" festival is really unique. It is Gumi's birthday. On this day, every household of the She nationality would cook black rice to worship their ancestors, and then the whole family would eat together, and present black rice to relatives and friends. A fragrance wafts in front of and behind the village.

The method of making black rice is to boil soup with the leaves of black leaves and let it release purple-black soup. Then use this soup to soak the glutinous rice for half a day. After picking up the rice, place it in a container and cook it. Black rice is dark and blue in color, soft and delicious. If you add mountain game, mushrooms, fungus, etc. to stir-fry, the taste will be even more wonderful. Because the black rice leaves can open the spleen and prevent corrosion, the black rice will be placed in a ventilated and cool place and will not rot for several days. The She people eat black rice and prepare for spring plowing. The symbolic significance of welcoming a bumper harvest.

Why is March 3rd of the She nationality the birthday of Gumi? And must you eat black rice?

That was a long, long time ago. Due to pest infestation and poor harvests, coupled with the mountain owner's increase in rent and tax, every family of the She people ran out of food. The hateful mountain owner even stole the grain seeds. The She people suffered from hunger. One night, Lei Wanxing and several young people climbed over the wall and entered the compound of the mountain master. They pried open the granary, carried the grain seeds back to the stockade, and planted them overnight.

The next day, the mountain owner discovered that the granary had been stolen, so he took his men to the She people's stockade to arrest people. In order to save the people from suffering, Lei Wanxing stepped forward, and in this way, he was put into prison. In the dungeon, Lei Wanxing was beaten black and blue all over. The mountain lord even colluded with the head of the cell and refused to give Lei Wanxing food, wanting to starve him to death.

When the news came out, the elders and villagers of the She nationality went to visit the prison one after another. They used the remaining grain seeds to harvest rice, cooked it, and made it into rice balls and sent it to prison. But when the rice ball fell into the gaoler's stomach, Lei Wanxing didn't eat a bite. In order to allow him to eat in prison, the villagers picked black rice leaves from the mountains to cook and dye the rice black. The jailer saw that the rice was dirty and like mountain ants, so he didn't dare to eat it, so he saved Lei Wanxing's life.

After Lei Wanxing was released from prison, he led everyone down the mountain for revenge on the third day of the third lunar month. After the victory, he cooked black rice to celebrate. Later, in order to share the joy of Lei Wanxing's victory in fighting against the government army, the Jin people went out to "go green" on the third day of March every year, collected black leaves and steamed black rice, which followed the generations and developed a custom.

There is also a widely circulated legend in the

: Lei Wanxing, a hero of the She nationality, led the people of southern Fujian and eastern Guangdong to revolt against the Tang Dynasty. Because he was outnumbered, he was besieged on the mountains by the Tang army and ran out of money and food. Lei Wanxing ordered his subordinates to collect wild fruits to satisfy their hunger. It was the twelfth lunar month of the cold winter, and only one wild plant called Wunianshu still had fruit. The rebels relied on this wild fruit to satisfy their hunger and survived the severe winter. On March 3 of the following year, they broke out of the siege, killed the enemy, and won. Soon, Lei Wanxing suddenly wanted to eat this wild fruit again, but it was already spring and there was no fruit to pick, so he had to pick back the tender leaves of Wuwen tree and steam them with sowing rice. As a result, he found a unique flavor. Later, every third of March, the She ethnic compatriots picked the leaves of the black tree to boil juice and boiled them into black rice to commemorate the hero Lei Wanxing. It became a traditional festival and the "Black Rice Festival".

It is also said among the She people that if you eat black rice, you will not be afraid of ants biting you when you go up the mountain. They also believe that March 3 is millet's birthday, and eating black rice will make the soul of the valley not recognize it, so that they will be willing to grow and pray for a good harvest. During the festival, the She people also hold dances and sing songs together. Especially in the past ten years, this ancient festival has become more lively and colorful in various places.

She People's God Hunting Festival The She people generally worship hunting gods. There are no fixed festivals on Fenghuang Mountain, Lianhua Mountain and Luofu Mountain, and they only worship before and after hunting. The She people in the Lianshan District are the God Hunting Festival on the vernal equinox of the second month of the lunar calendar. At that time, the patriarch led the men to prepare three animal sacrifices and go to the hunting altar to worship. They lit candles and burned incense, offered offerings and recited sacrificial rites. It was a grand ceremony.

She People's Dragon Sealing Festival "Dragon Sealing Festival" is a traditional festival of the She people. It is held every year in the fifth month of the lunar calendar. It is an entertainment festival where the She people pray for good weather and a good harvest of grain.

Legend has it that on this day, the Jade Emperor in heaven "sealed" Sheshan, that is, distributed rainwater. On this day, the She people ban iron and carrying dung buckets. They don't work. They wear festive costumes, gather in predetermined places or climb high to hold singing competitions. The mountaineering site is crowded with people, with both contestants and those who come to watch and cheer. The finish point of the competition is chosen at the summit of each mountain. Arriving at the destination is known as going to the "Peach Fair", and the winner is rewarded with "Fairy Peach" and "Fairy Wine".

At night, the She ethnic group began to sing songs, with lyrics praising labor, celebrating a harvest and expressing love. The scene of the concert was very moving. Young men and women also used this grand event to sing folk songs to each other and find couples. Therefore, the festival mountaineering competition is not only a useful exercise to exercise and cultivate perseverance, but also an excellent opportunity for young people to "love the mountains". In the song competition, singers often give in to each other. The loser often runs away and the winner runs after each other. You chase each other, blocking the way and singing. It is witty, lively, full of fun, and filled with a festive atmosphere.

She ethnic group begging for Qiao She ethnic festival customs activities in eastern Fujian. On the seventh day of the seventh month of the lunar calendar, the She people clean the well in the village, called "well washing". After cleaning the well, they put seven kinds of beans into the well for the "magpies" to eat. The well water is referred to as the Milky Way, and let the "magpies" finish eating the beans and bridge the bridge on the spot to allow the cowherd and the Weaver Girl to meet. On this day, young men and women of the She nationality sat around the well and sang folk songs, courting and talking about love, expressing that they would be like a cowherd and a weaver girl, loyal to love. This kind of song activity is often held all night long, with exciting climaxes constantly appearing in the middle. On this day, no elderly people in the village can interfere with young people's court-seeking activities.

She Mid-Autumn Festival The She Mid-Autumn Festival is held on the 15th of the eighth lunar month every year. It is a traditional festival for the She people in Fu 'an County and Ningde County, Fujian Province. The She people regard August 15th as a good day to visit relatives and friends, and singing with guests is a unique custom of the She people. The Mid-Autumn Festival not only requires guests to sing, but also gathers in the county to sing against each other. On the festival day, people come to the county town together to visit relatives and friends during the day and start singing to each other at night. When singing against each other, men and women stand on each side. Women especially like to squeeze together. Women who do not participate in singing also have to squeeze together with the singer to increase their momentum. A skilled singer can change tunes at will. In addition to duet singing, one of the most popular dual-tone songs of the She people is called "Shuangtiao Luo". It is a singing form of a ensemble and has strong She characteristics.

September 9th, when the She people are on September 9th, is a traditional festival for the She people. Mountain climbing is held in all the She mountainous areas. The competition venue was selected on a high mountain with an altitude of more than 1000 meters where the She ethnic group lives. At that time, regardless of region, gender, even passing She guests can participate. Before dawn, participants came to the mountaineering site in festive costumes. When the sun rose, the competition began after a bird shot. The first one to arrive at the designated site was the winner. After the participants had all climbed the mountain, an interesting song began. The singers each showed their skills and the atmosphere was very lively. The most influential singing venues are Songluo Mountain, Zhangjia Mountain and Mulian Mountain at the junction of Fu 'an and Xiapu counties. They are all scenic spots with beautiful mountains and clear waters, singing birds and fragrant flowers.

Young men and women of the She nationality are as lively as the New Year. They sing in groups of three to five and enjoy themselves. They use all kinds of true, good and beautiful things in the world as the theme, and spy on each other's thoughts and moral character in the song, compare each other's talents and thoughts, and even talk about love. Love, get engaged and make a contract. The concert is a grand gathering for the She ethnic youth. Folk songs and folk songs are often sung day and night, with endless singing.

She Ethnic Recruitment Festival is a traditional festival of the She ethnic group and a religious festival for the She ethnic group to commemorate their ancestors. It is now only popular in the She ethnic areas of eastern Guangdong and northeastern Guangdong. Legend has it that in ancient times, when Pan Ru went to a foreign country to retrieve the head of a foreign king, he was chased by the foreign soldiers. When he reached the seaside, he received the help of the divine soldiers before returning home safely. In order to commemorate their ancestors and thank the gods, the She people hold a "recruitment" every three to five years. The "Recruitment Festival" is held to exorcise evil spirits and eliminate evil spirits, strengthen the body and suppress evil spirits, and bless the whole village with smooth weather, abundant grain crops, and prosperous people and livestock, so that the She people can live a life of peace and contentment.

It is generally held on an auspicious day after the heavy snowfall in the lunar calendar to before the winter solstice. The festival activities generally last for three days and three nights. During the festival, a high wooden platform was built in the public hall, an altar was set up, and a fragrant stove was decorated with orders and flags of various soldiers and horses. Men, women and children of the She ethnic group wore festive costumes, and every household prepared offerings and invited guests. An ancestral picture is hung in front of the altar in the village, and the highly respected elderly She people in the village presided over the ancestral worship. The master of the She nationality beat the props, danced, chanted, and boasted. For a moment, the drum music was loud and the crowd was very lively.

Other She festivals In addition to the fixed festivals of the She people listed above, each She village in the Fenghuang Mountains also has its own unique festivals, which are often called Shenhui Day. God God Day is a festival set to commemorate the ancestors of the village who came here to create the branch. The fourth day of the first lunar month is the God's Day in Ligongkeng; the 16th day of the first lunar month is the "Opening of the Mountain" commemoration day in Shanli She Village, Guihu Town; the 20th day of the first lunar month is the God's Day in Shiguping She Village, Wenci Town; August 13th is the God's Day in Wanyao She Village, Guihu Town.

The most distinctive thing is that the She nationality natural village in Leicuo Mountain in Yixi Town still retains the ancient custom of "Spring and Autumn Festival", which is not found in other She nationality villages. According to Lei Shide, an elder of the village, there is a reason why Leicuo Mountain holds worship ceremonies on the vernal equinox and autumnal equinox every year. Because of the touching merits and virtues of the ancestors, the emperor was also moved, so he gave them two fixed days every year to sacrifice to the ancestors in the Spring and Autumn Period. This is the so-called "Spring and Autumn Festival".

In addition, the birth day of the first year after the death of the parents, fathers and mothers of each household, that is, their birthdays (commonly known as the duty day), must hold a memorial ceremony, which is called the "life" sacrifice. The anniversary of the death of the second year, commonly known as the "New Year", must be worshipped separately, with the same offerings as those for the ancestral duke, except that the schedule must be after the incense is lit to worship the ancestral duke, and it must end before then. This is because it can only take one incense stick to pay tribute to newly deceased relatives, while it takes three incense sticks to pay tribute to ancestors (another incense stick will be used before one incense stick is burned, and the candle will be put on at the third incense stick time).

On the anniversary of the third year of his death, commonly known as the "Tougui", the censers of newly deceased relatives can be combined with those of his ancestors. Worship according to normal ancestor worship ceremonies. When making a "head taboo", married daughters are not allowed to participate in the worship. Since then, a "sacrifice" will be made every year on the anniversary of the death. Just like celebrating his birthday when he was alive, he only had to light a lamp, burn incense, burn paper money, etc.

theis in accordance with the customs of the She ethnic compatriots in Fenghuang Mountain, and tea and wine are also placed. Tea and wine should be warm, that is, tea should be brewed separately and wine should be heated. Tea used to sacrifice to gods cannot be brewed, and wine cannot be poured into the cup. When worshiping relatives, tea must be brewed and wine must be poured into the cup. There is also rice required to be added during the worship. Especially when the She people worship the "Memorial Day", rice must be filled up, and usually one bowl contains two bowls of rice. This method of filling rice can only be used when worshipping ancestors. Usually, it is forbidden to fill rice too full. If you fill the rice too full, the She people will say: Packing it so full is like paying homage to your grandfather.