Official holidays in Peru
Peru, a South American country, is the world-famous birthplace of ancient Inca culture. The ethnic groups that thrive in its territory include Native Americans, Europeans, Africans and Asians. The integration of the cultural traditions of various ethnic groups has created diverse expressions in the fields of art, food, literature and music, etc., and the colorful traditional festivals are also a reflection of Peruvian culture.
1) New Year's Day (January 1) According to different calendars, many countries have their own New Year's Day. This refers to New Year's Day in the Gregorian calendar. The beginning of the year is called "New Year's Day", and New Year's Day is also called the New Year. The Gregorian calendar is the calendar commonly used in most countries in the world. It is formulated according to the laws of the earth's movement around the sun. It was originally called the solar calendar. In 46 BC, the Roman emperor Julius Caesar helped reform the solar calendar, known as the Julian Calendar. In 158 AD, Pope Gregory XIII convened scholars to reform the Julian calendar, calling it the Gregorian calendar. This calendar uses the legendary year of the birth of Jesus as the first year of AD and is still in use today. The Peruvian government stipulates that there will be a national holiday on New Year's Day.
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2), Santa Maria de Condelaria (February 2-15) Santa Maria de Condelaria is a grand performance of folk songs and dances in the Lake Titicaca region of Peru. During the festival, folk art groups from various highlands in the Andes Mountains near the Great Lakes gathered in Puno City to compete for beauty. There are as many as 150 kinds of ethnic costumes alone, and as many as 90 kinds of dances are performed.
3) Pisco Cocktail Festival (the first Saturday of February every year) Pisco Cocktail is a complacency of Peruvians. It was recognized as a Peruvian national cultural heritage in 2007. In 2004, the Peruvian government announced that the first Saturday of February would be the National Pisco Cocktail Festival every year.
4), Valentine's Day (February 14) Valentine's Day is the Western "Saint Valentine's Day." On this day, lovers exchange congratulatory letters, cards and gifts with each other. Valentine, a martyred saint in the 3rd century AD, was executed on February 14. Later, in order to commemorate the death of St. Valentine, young people chose their lovers on February 14, so this day became "Valentine's Day". In Peru, people often send flowers and congratulatory letters. Newspapers select some couple stories, such as the love story of Romeo and Juliet, to enhance the festive atmosphere.
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5), Easter Easter is a major festival in the Christian Church, commemorating the resurrection of Jesus Christ on the third day after his death on the cross. According to Western Church tradition, Easter is the first Sunday after the full moon is seen on the day of the Vernal Equinox (March 21) or after the first full moon is seen after the Vernal Equinox. According to Eastern Church tradition, if the full moon happens to occur on this first Sunday, Easter is postponed for another week. Therefore, Easter may be between March 22 and April 25. Due to different calculation methods, Easter in the Eastern Church is sometimes the same as Easter in the West, and sometimes it is 1 week, 4 weeks or even 5 weeks later.
Easter is the most important holiday after Christmas. Western universities start spring break from Easter, ranging from three to four weeks to one or two weeks. When spring is warm and flowers are in full bloom, some places are almost everywhere, driving for outing or traveling to other places. During the festival, families gather and prepare traditional food, including a variety of hams, mutton, cross cakes, etc. Eating Easter eggs (which used to be banned during Lent before the holidays) is the most popular activity, which means resurrection and rebirth.
When Easter comes, parents buy egg-shaped, bunny and other candies made from chocolate candies for their children. During the festival, everyone congratulates each other when they meet and sends greeting cards to relatives and friends to congratulate them for a happy holiday. The Peruvian government stipulates that Easter is a day off.
6) Servant's Day (March 30) In March 2007, Peruvian President Garcia announced at a lecture organized by the Peruvian Ministry of Labor on guiding servants to fight for labor rights and interests that the Peruvian government would designate March 30 of each year as a national "Servant's Day" to protect the legitimate rights and interests of those engaged in the family housekeeping industry, especially women engaged in this industry.
7) International Labor Day (May 1) International Labor Day, also known as "May Day International Labor Day" and "Labor Day", is a festival when the proletariat and working people around the world unite and fight. In 1866, the Geneva Conference of the First International proposed the slogan of an eight-hour working day. On May 1, 1886, workers in Chicago held a general strike. On that day, about 300,000 workers across the United States, centered on Chicago, participated in strikes and demonstrations, demanding improved working conditions and the implementation of an eight-hour working week. The workers fought bravely and indomitable in the face of the authorities 'suppression. The struggle of American workers, supported by the working class around the world, finally forced capitalists to accept workers 'demands for an "eight-hour work day." In July 1889, at the founding conference of the Second International held in Paris, it was decided to designate May 1, which symbolizes the unity, struggle and victory of the working class, as International Labor Day. On May 1, 1890, workers in many industrial cities in Europe and the United States held huge demonstrations. The Peruvian government stipulates that a national holiday will be held on May 1. 8) Mother's Day Peru stipulates the second Sunday in May every year as Mother's Day. On the eve of the festival, children go to the store to buy gifts in order to present the gifts to their mother on the festival day to express their filial piety. Most of the gifts given to my mother are household appliances and cosmetics. Around Mother's Day, overseas Chinese organizations in Peru also held various festivals.
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9), National Potato Day (May 30) On this day, in major cities and important potato producing areas in Peru, people consciously organize a variety of celebration activities to thank touched potatoes for their contribution to mankind.
10) Father's Day Peru stipulates the third Sunday in June every year as Father's Day. On the eve of the festival, children went to the store to buy gifts for their fathers, in order to show their filial piety to the elderly on the festival day. Most of the gifts given to my father were clothes, clocks and the like.
11) Swear of Allegiance to the Flag (June 7) In February 1879, Chile sent troops to occupy Antofagasta, which was originally a Bolivian territory, in order to obtain the rights to mine the locally abundant saltpeter. Peru and Bolivia have a treaty of alliance. Peru sent troops to assist Bolivia. So Peru, Bolivia and Chile fought a four-year war, known in history as the "Saltpeter War" or the "Pacific War."
In June 1880, Peru and Chile fought fiercely in Arica, Peru. On June 7, Colonel Francisco Bologne led his troops in a fierce battle against the Chilean army. Francisco Bologne died in the battle to defend the motherland. Since then, on June 7 every year, recruits of the Peruvian army will swear an oath to the national flag on this day, expressing their determination to defend national sovereignty and territorial integrity to the death. Therefore, this day is also known as the "Oath of Allegiance to the Peruvian Flag", or "Oath of Allegiance Day." In some years, not only military personnel, but also politicians and ordinary people participated in the oath.
12) St. Peter and Paul's Day (June 29) It is a religious or national festival in Peru, Colombia, Costa Rica, San Marino, Vatican, Venezuela and other countries. The festival established by the Christian Church to commemorate the so-called Supreme Saints Peter and Paul, the earliest promoters of Christianity, was first circulated in Rome, but quickly spread after the bishop of Rome (Pope) claimed to be the "heir" of St. Peter. It is currently mainly prevalent in rural areas of Peru.
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13), Sun Festival (June 24) June 24 is the most important festival of the Peruvian Indian-Quechua people. A celebration is held at the Castellan, an Inca ruins on the outskirts of Cusco, to worship the sun god, also known as the sun festival. The ancestors of the Quechua people were Incas. They worshipped the sun."Inca" means descendants of the sun, and their king was also called "Inca". Cusco was the capital of the Inca Empire.
14), Yawar Festival (late July, 1780)"Yawar" means "blood" in Quechua, so it is also called "Blood Festival" or "Blood Carnival." The main event of the annual Javar Festival is vulture bullfighting. This is when the local Indians thought of the great vulture, the king of birds, and linked their desire for revenge with the vulture's bravery, creating the "Yarvar Festival" of vulture bullfighting. The big vulture symbolizes the brave and tenacious Indian people, while the big bull represents colonialism. Every bullfight always ends with the vulture winning. According to local customs and habits, young men and women like to choose bullfighting as the day for weddings. Yahuar generally lasts for 10 days and reaches its climax on July 28, Peru's National Day.
15), Independence Day (July 28) Peru was the seat of the Inca Empire established by Indians from the 12 th to the 16 th century AD. In 1531, it became a Spanish colony. Spanish colonists established the Viceroy of Peru. The Independence Army fought bravely against the Spanish colonial army for nearly 300 years. Independence was declared on July 28, 1821. Since then, the Peruvian government has designated July 28 as Independence Day, or National Day. On Independence Day, there were grand parades and military parades in the capital Lima, presided over by the President of Peru. 16) Lima Rose Festival (August 30) The Lima Rose Festival is a festival commemorating the female patron saint of South America.
17), Viva Festival (October) The "Viva Festival" throughout October is a long-established religious festival in Peru. During the festival, believers carried the statue from the church out of the street, followed by thousands of believers. Holding candles and bouquets in their hands, they moved forward slowly amid the sound of drums. Bullfighting, cockfighting and other activities will be held at the same time.
18) Halloween (November 1) commemorates all famous and unknown saints. Around the ninth century AD, the Christian Church considered that many saints did not yet have their own festivals, so it designated November 1 as Halloween. Because it is only one day away from the Ghost Festival (October 31), which has been traditionally practiced since ancient times, people later combined it into one. This is the origin of Halloween, also known as Ghost Festival. Later, this festival gradually spread from Europe to North America, Latin America and other parts of the world. This festival is celebrated all over Peru. 19) All Souls 'Day (November 2) If it is a Sunday, it will be changed to November 3. This festival commemorates the deceased believers who were baptized but committed minor sins and are believed to have been purified in purgatory. According to Catholic doctrine, the prayers of living believers help purify the souls of the dead and make them eligible for an audience with God. People in Catholic countries believe that on the night of All Souls 'Day, the dead must return home to enjoy the food they loved during their lifetime. Therefore, on this night, some families will prepare cakes for the souls of the dead to come back to enjoy.
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20), Puno City Founding Festival (November 4th-5th) Puno is a town on Lake Titicaca in southern Peru. It is the capital of Puno Province and one of the areas inhabited by the Indian tribe, Quechua, and is known as the capital of national song and dance. According to Quechua legends, the world and mankind were created by a god named Birachaco, who rose from the Lake of Titicaca. Their first Inca king, Manco Capac, was also a god who emerged from the waters of Lake Titicaca. He moved north from Lake Titicaca and established the capital of the Inca Empire in Cusco. November 4th is said to be the day when Manko Capac walked out of the lake and arrived in Puno, which is also Puno's City Founding Day. This is a big festival in Puno, and a grand song and dance celebration is held every year.
21) Army Day, Victory Day at the Battle of Ayacucho (December 9) In the 1820s, the war of independence was burning all over the South American continent, and the Spanish colonists were finally forced to retreat into Peru. On December 9, 1824, the Spanish colonists concentrated their superior forces in the Ayacucho area of south-central Peru in an attempt to annihilate the rebels in one fell swoop. The Independence Army fought a bloody battle with the Spanish army, defeating the Spanish army with a few, and captured more than 2000 people, including the Spanish governor José de la Serna, 4 marshals, 10 generals and soldiers, and liberated the entire territory of Peru. 22) Christmas Day (December 25) Christians commemorate the birth of Jesus, hence the name "Christmas". The Christmas Festival is from December 24 to January 6 of the following year. During the festival, Christians from all over the world hold grand commemorative ceremonies. Christmas comes from the mythical story of the birth of Jesus. Humanity began a new era from the birth of Jesus. This is the world's common "AD". Four centuries ago, the Romans commemorated the winter solstice as a festival in memory of the sun god. Because the days in the northern hemisphere became longer and the nights became shorter from this day on, people thanked the sun god for giving them increasing light and warmth from this day on. This may be an important reason why the Christian Church designated Christmas as December 25 after the Winter Solstice. Christians in Rome only commemorated December 25 as the birthday of Jesus from 336 AD (it is said to be 354). The Peruvian government stipulates a holiday for Christmas. 23) Military and Police Festival In addition to Army Day (December 9) introduced in Article 21, military festivals include Air Force Day (July 23), Armed Forces Day (September 24), Navy Day (October 8, Memorial Day of the Battle of Angamo), and National Police Day (December 6).