[Liu Zhiqin] Examining social thoughts from folk customs

Since the beginning of the Spring Festival this year, it is still fresh in the big newspapers and tabloids that published the customs of the Year of the Monkey in a row.

The decision of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization on protecting the oral and intangible heritage of mankind has aroused strong repercussions in China.

A large-scale "China Folk Cultural Heritage Rescue Project" was also launched last year.

Correspondingly, an inconspicuous folk knot has been favored by Chinese and foreign people, won the reputation of "China Knot" and became popular in the China market; the rise of Tang costumes has brought Chinese costumes that have been neglected for decades out of the trough; the Olympic emblem uses the ancient style of oracle bone inscriptions and seals to form the most cutting-edge symbolic image in modern times; the original pottery making process of the past has now become a fashionable pottery bar; Sending roses on Valentine's Day is a Western fashion.

This year, it is fashionable in Beijing to send herbs.

This herb is familiar to China because it is often seen in the Book of Songs of the Pre-Qin Dynasty.

The current revival of various folk customs shows that old customs that have been gone for decades, hundreds or even thousands of years may make a comeback.

This comes from the spontaneous trend of the people, the media, and the market, which shows that folk customs that are closely related to people's lives have attracted enthusiastic attention from people at home and abroad.

This social phenomenon that returns from the past shows that folk customs have a more tenacious inheritance power than certain material products.

Economists believe that the revival of old folk customs is driven by the market economy, which is an invisible hand.

The question is, why does this hand support old folk customs in the new era and enjoy it, becoming more and more enthusiastic?

Of course, the popular folk products nowadays are no longer simply restoration.

The Tang suit is not the same as it was 50 years ago.

It has changed the sleeves into outer sleeves, which is more in line with human tailoring; China knots were previously simply woven with ropes, but now they are equipped with ingots, flowers, and images.

They have a complex combination and incorporate the blessings of modern people; Vanilla is not the catkins or fragrant peppers in the Book of Songs, but rosemary and lavender; the original handicrafts in pottery bars have changed from manual labor to leisure activities for modern tourists, with the same form and nature.

This vivid folk matter seems to be old but not old, and is no longer the same as its original form.

Therefore, the reproduction of folk customs is not a reproduction of the original, but an innovation.

For folk customs to have vitality, it also relies on continuous operation and integration into the consciousness and admiration of modern people.

China is originally a cultural country with ancient and long-standing accumulation of civilization.

It has a vast sea of literary and historical classics, cultural relics all over China, and the colorful customs and cultures created by the 56 ethnic groups.

In particular, folk customs, as a vivid, material and intangible cultural heritage, have entered the mainstream of China's culture.

This is an unprecedented sight.

Customs are the historical accumulation of life, and they inevitably metabolize with the development of history.

The disappeared customs and customs are like childhood dreams to today's people.

All kinds of things that are far away but do not reproduce are particularly cordial in their dreams.

Folk customs can evoke this precious memory.

Just as human beings are born with the ability to trace their roots, they also have spontaneous nostalgia for folk customs.

Especially in the modern society that is running at high speed, when people are dazzled by fleeting phenomena, they even look forward to receiving psychological comfort from the old customs.

This scene not only makes folk customs an important resource for culture in the new century, but also brings new perspectives and challenges to the study of social history.

The prosperity of folk customs proves a prediction.

As early as the end of the last century, futurists asserted that the 21st century is a century to promote the humanistic spirit.

This is to highlight the theme of putting people first.

All goods and cultural industries related to human life, life, development, leisure, entertainment will receive high attention and make great progress in the new century.

The rise of folk customs is a reflection of this trend of thought.

The examination of social thoughts has always focused on concepts or textual forms.

Concepts based on texts have been purified by intellectual elites and are always eclipsed compared with colorful life.

Therefore, Goethe said that theory is gray and life is the evergreen tree and is regarded as a saying of wisdom.

It is also because the use of concepts and categories to express opinions is somewhat abstract and inevitably lags behind the people's experience.

However, the group trends emerging from life are closely related to people's emotions because they directly express the joys and sorrows of reality., they have received many responses and echoes, and have even become a hot spot in society.

Therefore, what is more group-oriented than concepts are non-textual customs and fashions.

This is the way people's lives, behaviors, emotions and mentalities imitate each other in social life, follow each other, sing each other, and dye each other into each other.

The trend of the wind.

It is passed down in a certain social environment, cultural traditions and lifestyles, and it is passed down continuously according to the times and appears from time to time.

If an idea is not spread among the masses, it will not become a trend of thought and can only be shelved.

All trends of thought must be popular.

Folk customs are living history.

Wherever there is life, there are traditions of customs and habits.

As long as human culture has existed, customs have existed.

No matter which region, country or nation you are in, and no matter how diverse customs are, as long as you have a life, you will have your own customs inheritance.

This is a custom style of life recognized by the ethnic group and can easily be shared and spread by the public.

Therefore, extracting the most popular, typical and continuous folk phenomena, systematically and historically analyzing and commenting on them is the best perspective to observe social trends of thought.

Taking the word "zhong" in Henan dialect as an example, it is a commonly used word for questions and answers in the dialogue between the two."zhong" or "no zhong" is used to indicate whether it is right, whether it is possible, or whether it is possible.

This is the respondent's response to the questioner's right or wrong should belong to value judgment.

What is "medium"? Its original meaning is location.

The ancients were accustomed to expressing the concept of region and space in five directions: east, west, north, south and middle."Middle" is the central point.

Whether it is the middle or the center, it is a symbol relative to the east, west, north, south and north regions.

This is the geographical concept formed by the universe view of the sky and the earth.

The Yellow Emperor originated in the Yellow River Basin and is located in the Central Plains, and is at the center of the surrounding areas.

"Zhong" is interpreted in "Young Learning Qionglin" as,"It belongs to the earth, and its color is yellow.

The ancient Central Emperor was called the Yellow Emperor." The gathering of the five clans is called "the gathering of the five dragons" in the old saying, and the Yellow Emperor lives among them.

This should also be a regional concept, but the Book of Changes explains it as "the place is in the sky and in the center." "Zhongzhong" becomes the celestial position, which is like the Big Dipper in the sky."Jin Shu Astronomical Annals" said that "the Big Dipper is in the north of Taiwei, the cardinal of the seven governments and the origin of Yin and Yang.

Therefore, fate flows in the sky, and governs the four directions to establish the four seasons, and equalize the five elements." Henan is located in the Central Plains.

The center of the Huaxia ethnic group is Henan, the center of Henan is Xinzheng, and the center of Xinzheng is Juci Mountain.

This Juci Mountain is the birthplace of the Yellow Emperor and is the center of the center.

Therefore, a stone tablet was erected in the middle of this mountain with the two characters "Tianxin" written on it, indicating that the "middle" is the "Tianxin".

Although this "Tianxin" was written by modern people, its words are well-founded."Shang Shu·Xian Youyi De" says,"Enjoy the Tianxin and accept the destiny of the dawn." The center is the heart of heaven, and the heart of heaven is the position of heaven.

This "center" has transcended the region and has become the concept of power and position that governs the four directions.

It can be seen that the word "zhong" has become a value concept from a regional perspective.

First of all, the Yellow Emperor achieved the status of central co-owner through the alliance with local clans.

The concept of Chinese centralism made a word of location a value judgment.

To date, Henan is the only place in the country that has this dialect, because the only Central Plains is the birthplace of Chinese culture.

This dialect has been passed down for 5000 years and has remained unwavering.

It is still active in the spoken language of Henan people and has become the most characteristic language of Henan dialect, precisely because it is a reflection of the mentality and trend of thought of the ancient Chinese people.

The deceased is like this.

All these have become folk customs that can be accumulated for thousands of years.

They have been deposited in dialects like fossils, and also provide a research idea for modern people to understand history.