Special topics 丨 Critical Research on Cultural Heritage
·Special introduction·
The rise of heritage research began with the work on world cultural and natural heritage protection initiated by UNESCO since the 1970s.
At the beginning of the 21st century, the beginning of the protection of intangible cultural heritage pushed heritage research to a new level.
Under the influence of nationalist thoughts, the significance of heritage to the construction of multi-level identity and the demonstration of China's experience in heritage protection have become hot topics in current heritage research in China.
As an international cultural practice, heritage protection occurs in the context of globalization, and it is necessary to sort out the historical context of the rise of heritage protection in the context of global society.
Based on a comparative analysis of international experience in heritage protection, reflect on the heritage concept of China academic circles, promote the progress of China's heritage research theory and protection practice, and realize the interactive advancement of China and world heritage research.
The emergence of heritage is a product of the order and pattern of global social development.
The concept of heritage protection is not only focused on the protection of specific cultural forms, but also on the self-examination and debugging of the development order of human society.
Therefore, critical heritage research should become the natural dimension of heritage research.
Critical heritage research includes two dimensions.
The first is the criticism of the heritage itself.
The reason why heritage as culture becomes heritage is the product of the construction of power and ideology under the existing development order.
This development order and pattern may be at the global level or may occur within nation-states.
The first thing that critical heritage research needs to reflect on is the multiple power patterns in which heritage is located.
Secondly, the emergence of multiple problems in heritage protection worldwide means that critical heritage research requires critical analysis of existing protection patterns and measures, and explores the possibility of establishing a reasonable protection system and realizing the inheritance and continuation of human civilization.
This is also the original demand for the rise of heritage protection.
The five papers in this issue explain the theme of "critical heritage research" based on Chinese and foreign regional cases of heritage protection.
Gong Haoqun's paper "Towards Critical Heritage Research: Knowledge Confusion and Paradigm Transformation in the Protection of Intangible Cultural Heritage" systematically introduces the basic propositions and viewpoints of critical heritage research based on an analysis of the current situation of intangible cultural heritage protection in China, and explores the possibility of this theory in promoting the transformation of intangible cultural heritage protection paradigm in China.
Voldima Haforstan's paper "Journey to the Mountain Eagle: The Manufacturing Process of Intangible Cultural Heritage" explains the controversy caused by "Song of the Eagle", an Andean folk song spread in Peru and Bolivia, which was recorded on multiple records, and the importance of this controversy to UNESCO's work in promoting intangible cultural heritage.
The article not only analyzes the deep international background of the rise of intangible cultural heritage protection, but also explains the power construction existing in the protection of intangible cultural heritage and the paradox of deprivation protection on this basis.
The paper "Political Mobilization and Intangible Cultural Heritage of African-American Communities in Mexico" by Hitarri Guechua Reina conducted a field survey of black communities on the Chica Coast of Mexico and believed that the protection and inheritance of intangible cultural heritage in black communities can be regarded as a way of community mobilization, advocating heritage protection with the participation of multiple subjects, changing the shackles of materialization, commercialization and folklore of heritage protection, and realizing the attributes and significance of heritage as a social structural process.
Zhang Qingren's paper,"Colonialist Remnants and the" Anti-Heritage "Movement of the Indians in Chiapas, Mexico", analyzes the motivations of the Indians in Chiapas, Mexico, to boycott the heritage of San Cristobal Las Casas, and points out the deep-seated problems of the lack of reflection and inclusiveness in the existing heritage protection framework.
It advocates that heritage protection should incorporate the concept of "hot interpretation" and incorporate the emotional demands of ethnic minorities for special heritage.
Reflect on issues in the process of globalization.
Yuan Jian's paper "The History, Current Situation and Characteristics of Cultural Heritage Protection in Central Asia" combs the origin of the cultural heritage of Central Asian countries, presents the development process of the cultural heritage of Central Asian countries in the context of changes in the world pattern, and explains the significance of cultural heritage in Central Asian countries to the construction of nation-states and exchanges and mutual learning among civilizations.
--Moderator: Zhang Qingren·Special topic "Critical Research on Cultural Heritage"·
[Gong Haoqun and Yao Chang] Towards Critical Heritage Research: Knowledge Confusion and Paradigm Transformation in the Protection of Intangible Cultural Heritage
[Waldima Haforstan] Mountain Eagle's Journey: The Manufacturing Process of Intangible Cultural Heritage
[Hitarri Geechua Reina] Political Mobilization and Intangible Cultural Heritage of African-American Communities in Mexico
[Zhang Qingren] The relics of colonialism and the "anti-heritage" movement of the Indians in Chiapas, Mexico
[Yuan Jian] The history, current situation and characteristics of cultural heritage protection in Central Asia (this group's special topic is published in "Cultural Heritage", No.
5, 2018)