Traditional Korean festivals
The Korean people, also known as the Korean nation, the Koryo nation, and the Beida nation, are one of the major ethnic groups in East Asia. The Korean ethnic group is the main ethnic group in North and South Korea. Speaking of the Korean ethnic group, most people's first impression is probably North Korea's unique and beautiful Korean costumes. Do you know what traditional Korean festivals are?
The "First Festival of the Year" is the Spring Festival of the Korean ethnic group. This is one of the most festive festivals of the year for the Korean ethnic group. As one of the 55 ethnic minorities in China, the Korean ethnic group is mainly distributed in the northeastern provinces of Jilin, Liaoning and Heilongjiang, and a few are scattered in Inner Mongolia and some inland cities. Koreans, men, women and children, can sing and dance well, and like to wear plain white clothes, so they are called the "white-clothed nation."
The Korean people who are good at singing and dancing have a rich and colorful holiday life. On New Year's Eve, the whole family stayed all night long. The music of the ancient Gaya Qin and Dongxiao brought people to a new realm. During the festival, men, women and children indulge in singing and dancing, jumping on springboards, tug-of-war, etc. The competition field is very lively, and people, the old and the young, compete to watch. On the night of the 15th day of the first lunar month, a traditional celebration rally was held. Several elderly people climbed onto the wooden "Moon Moon Stand" to wish to see the bright moon first, which meant that their children and grandchildren were healthy and everything was going well. Afterwards, everyone gathered around the lit "Wangyue Tower" and sang and danced to the sounds of long drums, dong xiao, and suona music until they had fun.
During the Diandeng Festival, oak wood is burned into charcoal, pressed into powder, mixed with salty salt, wrapped in paper into a sausage shape, and wrapped with thin straw ropes. At night, if you tie it to a long pole and ignite it, it will make a crackling sound and release dazzling sparks. On the fifth day and autumn evening, men competed in wrestling, and women competed in springboard and swing competitions.
Old Calendar Year is the most important festival for the Korean ethnic group and a day for family members to reunite. Therefore, children who live in other places must return to their parents to celebrate the New Year together. The Chinese New Year begins on the 30th of La Yue. On this day, children wear magpie jackets with colorful sleeves. They cannot sleep at night and must keep the New Year's Eve. It is said that their eyebrows will turn white when they sleep. On the first day of the first lunar month, you must wear new clothes or clean clothes, which is called annual clothes. The first thing to worship ancestors in the morning is called the "tea ceremony". The breakfast on this day is called "New Year's Meal", and you eat cake soup or cake. The wine you drink at breakfast is called "New Year's Wine", and it starts from the young. Children kowtow to their grandparents and parents to pay New Year greetings (home greetings), and also pay New Year greetings to their elders, relatives and elderly people in the village (village greetings) after dinner. At this time, the elderly said some auspicious words to the young people who paid New Year greetings, which is called "moral talk". Various folk activities were held on this day, the most important of which were women jumping on the springboard and teenagers flying kites. On the night of the first day, in order to prevent the night-light ghosts from stealing the shoes, the shoes that are usually taken off on the eaves steps were taken into the house, and a basket was hung on the door.
Shampoo Festival, June 15th of the lunar calendar, is the Shampoo Festival for Korean people. This day is regarded as an auspicious day. In the early morning, men, women and children go to the river to wash their hair. It is said that it is very auspicious to wash your hair with the stream flowing eastward. In the evening, people also hold a shampoo banquet at home and sing shampoo songs, and then the whole family, old and young, happily sit together and have a sumptuous dinner.
Among Korean family festivals, the most solemn is the "Return Marriage Day", also known as the "Return Marriage Day", which is the 60th anniversary of marriage. The following three conditions must be met for holding the Home Marriage Day: first, the old couple are both alive; second, the biological children are all alive; and third, the grandchildren have not died prematurely. If one of the biological children or grandchildren has died, the Return Marriage Day cannot be held. Therefore, it is a great honor for anyone who can hold a wedding day. Family and friends all come to congratulate them. An old couple put on their young wedding gowns and helped each other into the banquet. Everyone frequently raised their glasses and blessed them, which was more lively and grand than the young people.
June 1 International Children's Day has evolved into a new national festival in Yanbian. In Yanbian, people regard the Children's Day event on June 1 as a major child-friendly activity. On June 1, thousands of people often fill the streets, and people dressed in festive costumes flock to the park for garden activities.
In addition to traditional festivals, large banquets are held to entertain guests when children are first year old, weddings, and elderly people are 60th birthday. The traditional dishes at the banquet are not only diverse, but also beautiful and gorgeous in shapes. Many foods must be shaped in the shape of birds and animals. For all ceremonial banquets, the "flower 60" seat to congratulate the elderly on his 60th birthday is the most exquisite and solemn.
Baby's birthday is the baby's first birthday. Among the Korean life rituals, the baby's one-year-old anniversary is the most valued. The celebration of the baby's first anniversary is also very grand. On the occasion of the baby's birthday, the baby's mother dresses herself up, then dresses the child in an elaborate national costume, and then carries the child to the prepared birthday table to let the baby "look over" the "dabbling objects" specially decorated for him. Some symbolic objects such as cakes, candies, food, pens, books, small guns and so on will be placed on the table. After all the guests arrived, the baby's mother asked the child to take whatever she liked from the various things on the table. When the child reached for something from the table, the guests cheered and said something to cheer up. This process is called the "ritual" of babies receiving their birthday tables. In some places, it is also the custom of elderly people to put a ball of plain white thread around their children's necks to express the hope that children will become a white person like a ball of snow-white thread and can live as long as a long thread.
Shangyuan Festival, a traditional Korean annual festival. It is held on the 15th day of the first month of the lunar calendar every year. The festival is one day. On this day, the Korean people must first go to the ancestral tomb to deliver lanterns, and then install "belonging" lanterns in the hall. Sky lanterns are hung in the courtyard, wall lanterns are hung on both sides of the courtyard door, and light boats are also set up in the river. On this day, I also need to take medicine, rice, grain, and drink Cong 'er wine. Medicinal rice uses glutinous rice and honey as basic raw materials. Add jujube, chestnuts, pine nuts, etc. and boil. Because the raw materials of medicinal rice are expensive and difficult to gather together,"five-in-one rice" made of five types: rice, millet, yellow rice, glutinous rice, and rice beans are generally replaced. Looking forward to a bumper harvest of grains that year. In the evening, everyone held the torch high on the East Mountain to welcome the full moon. Whoever was lucky then could see the rising full moon. After welcoming the moon, men, women and children stepped on the bridge under the moonlight. Stepping on a bridge is also called stepping on a bridge. In Korean, the words "bridge" and "leg" are the same as the words "bridge", which means to practice legs. When stepping on the bridge, each person has to go back and forth on the bridge several times to dozens of times. The total number of times must be equal to his or her age in order to pray for blessings and eliminate disasters.
Dragon Boat Festival is the fifth day of the fifth month of the old calendar. It is the most lively festival for folk sports among the traditional festivals of the Korean people. In the past, during the Dragon Boat Festival, various folk sports activities were widely carried out in towns and villages inhabited by Korean people, mainly swings, springboards, wrestling, etc., the most famous of which was the Dragon Boat Festival swing.
Autumn Festival The 15th month of August in the old calendar is called Autumn Festival, also known as the Mid-Autumn Festival. At this time, new rice can be introduced from early rice, and various fruits are ripe. On autumn night, people bring food made from new rice and fresh fruits to their own cemeteries to weed and sacrifice. The traditional food in autumn is muffins. On this day, cattle were generally slaughtered in Korean villages, cut the meat and internal organs into small pieces, divided into many portions, and wore them on thorns and distributed to each household. Traditional festivals and customs of the Korean people also hold various sports competitions in autumn, such as wrestling, swings, springboards, etc., and some villages also hold bullfights.
The "thousand-person needle" refers to a piece of cloth with text sewn by the hands of multiple people. When young people are recruited into the army, they wear them obliquely on their shoulders as a symbol of victory against the enemy. This custom is related to an ancient legend. It is said that long ago, there was a prosperous village where people lived a free and happy life. One day an extremely powerful demon came and killed the villagers. The strong soldiers in the village fought against it, but they were eaten by it because of lack of strength. There was a young man who was determined to get rid of this demon and looked for ways everywhere. There are 1000 daughter-in-law who naturally cannot be sewn with widows). This belt will have the wisdom and strength of 1000 people and can defeat the demon. The young man followed the wise man's words, made a "thousand-man needle", put it on his body to fight the demon, and really defeated the demon. As a result, the "thousand-person needle" became a symbol of victory and protection. It has been passed down from generation to generation. Whoever had a soldier recruited into the army, the family would hold a cloth belt and ask for the thousand-person needle to sew in order to be lucky.
In modern times, in the wave of resisting Japan and saving the country, it developed again. In the 1930s, when the Japanese invaders invaded Northeast China, many Korean patriotic women living in Yanbian, regardless of whether they had family members joining the army or not, would sew each other "thousand-person needles" at stations, docks and even streets. While sewing, he also said some words to curse the Japanese invaders and bless the anti-Japanese soldiers.
the "September 3rd" Memorial Day in Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture. After the recovery of the People's Political Power in Yanbian on August 15 in 1945, people's political power was established in Yanbian. In November of the same year, the Jiandao Provisional Government was changed into the Yanbian Administrative Inspectorate Office; in March 1948, the Yanbian Special Area was established; on September 3, 1952, the Yanbian Special Area was abolished and the Yanbian Korean Autonomous Region was established; in April 1955, with the approval of the State Council, it was decided to abolish the Yanbian Korean Autonomous Region and establish the Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture; In December of the following year, the second meeting of the First People's Congress of Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture was held to formally establish Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture, and it was decided that September 3 every year would be the state celebration day.
Cold food is like the Qingming Festival of the Han people. Families went to the cemetery of their ancestors to carry out grave-sweeping and sacrificial activities. The traditional festivals and customs of the Korean people also add to the cemetery and plant trees around it.
Yuanri Yuanri is the most solemn festival of the year. Before New Year's Eve, each family cleaned the indoor and outdoor areas, demolished the laundry quilt, decorated the room, and improved environmental sanitation. People also posted "Ge Changsheng"-New Year pictures with mountains, water, stones, clouds, sun, pine, grass without grass, turtles, cranes, and deer. In the early morning of the Yuan Dynasty, the rooster crowed for the first time. The whole family, old and young, immediately dressed and got off the kang, put on incense, and offered sacrifices to their ancestors. Then, they bowed to the old man to pay New Year greetings. After breakfast, they went to pay New Year greetings to the neighbors and the old people in the whole village. The annual writings are very rich and have strong national characteristics. In the morning, you usually eat cake or rhubarb rice, and the dishes include various fish and meat dishes as well as various vegetarian dishes and delicacies. Men drink special "Tusu wine". "Tusu Liquor" is a medicinal wine brewed with platycodon grandiflorum, parsnide root, mountain pepper and cinnamon as raw materials. Custom believes.
Drinking this wine in the Yuan Dynasty can eliminate evil disasters and increase life and longevity. Enjoy eating "Mandetuan" or "German Tuan" for lunch and dinner. "Detuan"(Korean transliteration) is a kind of soup. Practice: After the rice flour becomes ineffective, mash it into a large sticky ball, then control it into round strips, cut it into thin slices, boil it in chicken or pheasant broth (beef soup can also be used), and then add sesame oil and seaweed. "Mandebu" is to put three or two large dumplings wrapped with meat filling in the "Detuan". When cutting, the large dumplings are first pushed aside with chopsticks and eaten in the soup. During the day, tug-of-war and archery competitions are organized on a village-based basis; women jump springboards and children fly kites. In the evening, the elderly play "thousands"(cards), the children play hide-and-seek or "lantern racing", and the young and middle-aged men and women participate in the song and dance evening, which is very lively.
Heavy Nine Festival On the 9th of the ninth lunar month every year, every Korean household uses chrysanthemum leaves and sticky rice flour to make cakes, commonly known as chrysanthemum frying. You must also soak chrysanthemums in wine and drink them on festivals. It is commonly known as chrysanthemum wine. On this day, women go to the mountains or fields to play chrysanthemum games or red leaf games, while men bring wine and food to the wild to have a meal and recite poems while drinking chrysanthemum wine. According to legend, this festival originated from the Silla era and had been attached great importance to it by the Li Dynasty and became a national festival.
Jiahai Festival Jiahai Festival, which means Autumn Festival in Korean. Korean folk festival. It is held on the 15th day of the eighth month of the lunar calendar every year. On this day, people slaughtered cattle and steamed sheep, and used Xingo to make holiday foods such as cakes and muffins. On this day, wrestling, swings, springboards and various ball competitions are also held between villages and villages, and often last for several days. The scale of the event and the duration of the festival depend on the busy agricultural work. At night, when the moon rises, every household sets up incense tables in the courtyard to pray to the moon. Then, the whole family ate mooncakes and admired the moon. Sacrifice to the moon has a long history. It is said that when King Ruli of Silla was in power in ancient times, he asked his two daughters to divide the women of Mubi into two groups and hold a hemp weaving competition in the courtyard of Dadu. From the morning of July 15th to the end of August 15th, the loser held a banquet to entertain the winner and performed a hundred operas of singing and dancing, which gradually evolved into the Jiahai Festival.
Kaitian Festival Kaitian Festival is a religious festival among the Korean people in Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture, Jilin Province. It is held on the third day of the tenth lunar month. This festival comes from the Dajin religion, which has basically disappeared among the Korean people. This day is the sacrificial day of the legendary ancestor Tangjun. There is no special ceremony, just to exchange offerings for the Danjun memorial tablet day and night. Luo Zhe founded the Da Yan Religion based on the worship of Tanjun, believing in the unity of the three gods, Huan Yin, Huan Xiong, and Huan Jian. Huan Yin rules all things, Huan Xiong opens the sky to educate, and Huan Jian rules heaven and earth. It is said that on the third day of October more than 4,400 years ago, Huan Jian came to the Songhua River Basin and used the power of gods to influence the people. Later, the local Korean people regarded this day as the Kaitian Festival. More than 200 years later, on March 15th, Huan Jian ascended to heaven. People regarded this day as the Imperial Day and held a worship ceremony for Huan Jian. In the Daxian Religion, Huan Jian is the embodiment of Li Shi, and his admiration expresses the Korean people's yearning for stability in life.
Elderly Comfort Day is a traditional Korean festival. The time falls on the ninth day of the ninth month of the lunar calendar every year. During the Li Dynasty, the court held a "Elderly Banquet" on this day, inviting people over the age of 60 and officials above the third rank to participate in it to wish the elderly health and longevity. This section is no longer passed down.
Elderly People's Day Elderly People's Day is one of the traditional festivals of the Korean people. The festivals vary depending on the region. The Korean people in Heilongjiang Province hold the event on June 24th of the lunar calendar every year, and the event in Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture in Jilin Province is held on August 15th. At that time, villages will be beating gongs and drums, and people dressed in bright national costumes will come to bless the elderly. A birthday party was also held. All elderly people over the age of 60 must wear big red flowers and sit on the stage to receive the blessings of the younger generation of the whole village. On this day, the old man's children all leaned against the old man, singing and dancing with the old man to their heart's content, watching the young people step on the springboard, wrestle, play ball and swing, sharing the joy of family life. During the festival, the late generation prepares a sumptuous banquet for the elderly, and families with the elderly brew rice wine called "Mageli". We also need to make rice cakes, cold noodles, dog meat and miso soup. The old man wore new clothes and sat in the middle of the banquet. The eldest son, daughter-in-law, daughter, eldest grandson, etc. poured wine and knelt down in turn, wishing the elderly a long, healthy and happy life, and thanked the elderly for their hard work for their children and grandchildren.